کاربرد حلال‌های بسیار اوتکتیک طبیعی به‌عنوان نرم‌کننده در تهیه فیلم‌های پلیمری طبیعی

نوع مقاله : تالیفی

نویسنده

پژوهشگاه استاندارد

چکیده

حلال ­های بسیار اوتکتیک (DES) جایگزین مایعات یونی (ILs) هستند. این حلال ­ها ترکیباتی زیست­ تخریب­ پذیر، غیرسمی یا با سمیت کم هستند که با روش آسان به ­دست می­ آیند. آن­ها معمولاً با کمپلکس ­شدن یک پذیرنده پیوند هیدروژنی (HBA) با یک دهنده پیوند هیدروژنی (HBD) تهیه می­ شوند که مخلوط بسیار اوتکتیک تشکیل می­ دهند. دمای ذوب این مخلوط از دمای ذوب هر یک از اجزای تشکیل­دهنده آن بسیار کمتر است. کشف حلال ­های بسیار اوتکتیک طبیعی (NADES) استفاده از آن­ها را به ­عنوان جایگزین حلال­ های آلی معمول، که ذاتاً سمی و بسیار فرارند، سرعت بخشیده است. پلی­ ساکاریدها فراوان­ترین پلیمرهای طبیعی هستند و به­ عنوان منابع اولیه احتمالی برای تولید مواد سبز و جایگزینی پلاستیک­ های زیست­­ تخریب ­نا­پذیر درنظرگرفته می­ شوند. با وجود این، معمولاً فیلم ­های تهیه ­شده از پلی­ ساکاریدهای خالص شکننده هستند و خواص مکانیکی ضعیفی دارند که کاربرد آن­ها را محدود می­ کند. این مسئله به توسعه مواد برپایه پلی­ ساکاریدهای اصلاح ­شده با روش شیمیایی یا افزودن پرکننده­ های تقویت­ کننده یا نرم­ کننده ­ها منجر شده است. تاکنون NADESها نه تنها در استخراج، جداسازی یا خالص ­سازی برخی پلیمرهای خاص استفاده شده ­اند، بلکه به ­عنوان اجزای تشکیل ­دهنده مواد برپایه پلی ­ساکاریدها، یعنی نرم ­کننده­ ها، سازگارکننده­ ها یا بهبود دهنده­ ها، نیز استفاده شده­ اند. به­ کارگیری NADES به ­عنوان نرم­ کننده بیشتر برای فیلم ­های نشاسته کاربرد دارد، با وجود این برای مشتقات سلولوز، کیتوسان، آگار و آگاروز نیز به ­کار می ­رود. در این مقاله، قابلیت کاربرد حلال­ های بسیار اوتکتیک طبیعی به­ عنوان نرم­کننده­ های سبز، ارزان و تجدیدپذیر در تهیه فیلم­ های پلیمری طبیعی مرور شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Application of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents as Plasticizer in Natural Polymeric Films Preparation

نویسنده [English]

  • Fezzeh Aryanasab
Standard Research Institute (SRI)
چکیده [English]

D eep eutectic solvents (DES) are an alternative for ionic liquids (ILs). These solvents are biodegradable, non- or low-toxic compounds that obtained via simple and convenient way. They are usually prepared by complexing of a hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and a hydrogen bond donor (HBD), forming a deep eutectic mixture, in such a way that the melting point of the  mixture is much lower than the melting points of each component. The recent discovery of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) has accelerated their use as an alternative to conventional organic solvents, which are inherently toxic and highly volatile. Polysaccharides are the most abundant natural polymers and are considered as prospective starting resources for the production of green materials and replacement of non-biodegradable plastics. However, films made from pure polysaccharides are usually brittle and demonstrate poor mechanical properties, that limit their use.This has led to to the development of polysaccharide-based materials modified either chemically or by the addition of reinforcing fillers and plasticizers. To date, NADES have been used not only in the extraction, separation or purification of some specific biopolymers, but also as components of polysaccharide-based materials, e.g. plasticizers, compatibilizers or modifiers. NADESs are used as plasticizer, mainly for starch films, however it is also used for cellulose derivatives, chitosan, agar and agarose. In this paper, the potential application of NADES as green, inexpensive and sustainable plasticizers in the production of natural polymer films is reviewed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • natural deep eutectic solvents
  • natural polymeric film
  • plasticizer
  • biodegradable
  • sustainable

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