نوع مقاله : تالیفی
نویسنده
پژوهشگاه پلیمر و پتروشیمی ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Hydrogels are three-dimensional networks of molecules of highly hydrophilic polymer chains that can absorb up to a thousand times their dry weight in water. They can be engineered into a wide range of shapes, sizes, and structures. This class of biomaterials due to their high biocompatibility and processability, have become the choice medium to pattern cells in a volumetric space using three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting. 3D bioprinting has emerged as a novel method that enables the fabrication of 3D tissue constructs with pre-programmed structures and geometries using biomaterials or living cells (bioinks). One of the major challenges of 3D printing in biomedical fields, unlike other industries, is that the inks must be biocompatible and resemble the natural extracellular matrix. This ink requirement significantly limits the number of potential materials for 3D printing in bioengineered structures. Hydrogels are the most suitable choices for bioinks, especially in creating porous 3D scaffolds and can be used in the production of living organs. Despite their advantages, most hydrogels show poor mechanical strength. Therefore, improving the mechanical and bioactive properties of hydrogels is challenging for materials scientists. There are approaches used in bioprinting, with inkjet, laser, and extrusion-based 3D printing systems being the most suitable methods for printing hydrogels and bioinks. Each bioprinting method usually differs based on the rheological properties, crosslinking chemistry, and biocompatibility of the ink. Therefore, this article, the most important and best 3D printing methods in hydrogels are first introduced. Then, important general principles that make hydrogels useful for bioprinting are reviewed.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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