مروری بر اهمیت حسگرهای الکتروشیمیایی برپایه کیتوسان در صنایع غذایی

نوع مقاله : گزارش

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم و مهندسی صنایع غذایی، رشت، دانشگاه گیلان، دانشکده کشاورزی،

2 گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان

چکیده

فناوری نانوحسگرهای الکتروشیمیایی و زیستی، ترکیبی چندرشته ای از علوم مختلف ازجمله زیست شیمی، زیست شناسی مولکولی، شیمی، فیزیک، الکترونیک و رایانه است. نانوحسگرها به عنوان ابزارهای کارآمد برای شناسایی مولکول های زیستی استفاده می شوند و در زمینه های مختلف ازجمله پزشکی، صنایع غذایی و تولید محصولات دارویی و بهداشتی به کار گرفته می شوند. کیتوسان، زیست پلیمری مشتق شده از کیتین است که غیرسمی، زیست سازگار، زیست فعال و زیست تخریب پذیر است. این زیست پلیمر دارای ویژگی های برجسته ای است و قابلیت تشکیل فیلم های باکیفیت را دارد که موجب به کارگیری گستردة آن در تولید زیست حسگرها شده است. در این بررسی، استفاده از کیتوسان به عنوان سکوی اصلاح سطح الکترود در حسگرهای الکتروشیمیایی ارزیابی شده است. مطالعات نشان می دهد، نانوذرات طلا، گرافن اکسید و نانولوله های کربن می توانند به عنوان مواد برجذبنده مؤثر برای این سکوی الکترودی عمل کنند و حساسیت، دقت و پایداری حسگرها را بهبود بخشند. استفاده از این سکوهای اصلاح شده برای تشخیص مولکول های مختلف مانند کافئین، گالیک اسید، ملامین و گلوکوز بررسی شده است. نتایج نشان می دهد، حسگرهای الکتروشیمیایی و زیستی برپایه کیتوسان می توانند به طور مؤثر در تشخیص سریع و دقیق آلاینده ها و خطرهای زیستی در چرخه غذا استفاده شوند. این فناوری ها از مزایایی مانند سرعت تشخیص، دقت، حساسیت زیاد و قابلیت بازاستفاده برخوردار هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Review of the Importance of Electrochemical Sensors Based on Chitosan in Food Industry

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Akhlaghi 1
  • Abbas Abedfar 2
1 Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Guilan, P.O. Box. 41996-13776, Rasht, Iran
2 Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
چکیده [English]

 The technology of electrochemical and biological nanosensors is a multidisciplinary combination of different sciences including biochemistry, molecular biology, chemistry, physics, electronics and computing. Nanosensors are used as efficient tools to identify biological molecules and have applications in various fields, such as medicine, food industry, production of pharmaceutical and health products. Chitosan is a chitinderived biopolymer that is non-toxic, biocompatible, bioactive and biodegradable. This biopolymer has outstanding properties and has the ability to form high quality films, making it widely used in the manufacture of sensors and biosensors. In this review, the use of chitosan as a platform for electrode surface modification in electrochemical sensors has been evaluated. Studies have shown that gold nanoparticles, graphene oxide, and carbon nanotubes can act as effective adsorbent materials for this electrode platform and improve the sensitivity, accuracy and stability of the sensors. The use of these modified platforms has been investigated for the detection of different molecules such as caffeine, gallic acid, melamine, glucose, etc. The results show that chitosan-based electrochemical and biosensors can be effectively used in the rapid and accurate detection of contaminants and biohazards in the food cycle. These technologies have advantages such as detection speed, accuracy, high sensitivity and reusability.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nanosensor
  • Chitosan
  • Electrochemical sensor
  • Biosensor
  • Molecular imprinted polymer

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