مطالعه بازده پلیمرهای مختلف به‌کاررفته در عملیات تزریق (سیلاب‌زنی) پلیمر در ازدیاد برداشت از مخازن نفت سنگین

نوع مقاله : تالیفی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر تهران

2 دکتری مهندسی نفت/ دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری

3 دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری

چکیده

 تنها %10 از مخازن نفتی ایران دارای ساختار شنی هستند و باقی  آن­ها ساختار کربناتی دارند. بنابراین ،بخش نسبتاً زیادی از نفت موجود در­ این مخازن سنگین است و با روش ­های معمولی استحصال ­پذیر نیست. بدین دلیل، از روش­ هایی تحت عنوان ازدیاد ­برداشت برای افزایش ضریب بازیافت­ مخازن نفتی استفاده می­ شود. ­ازدیاد ­برداشت با روش­ های ثانویه و ثالث انجام می­ شود که روش­ های گرمایی و شیمیایی و تزریق گاز از جمله روش­ های ثالث هستند. از روش ­های شیمیایی، سیلاب­ زنی پلیمری است. از سال­ ها پیش، ­از پلیمر­ها برای کنترل تحر­ک­ پذیری آب تزریقی و ازدیاد­ برداشت از مخازن نفتی استفاده می ­شود. پلیمر­ها با افزایش گرانروی، سبب کاهش تحرک­ پذیری آب،­ افزایش پایداری نیم­رخ حرکتی، کاهش پدیده انگشتی ­شدن سیال تزریقی و در نهایت افزایش تولید نفت از درون مخزن می شوند. در این مقاله، ابتدا کاربرد پلیمر در مخازن نفتی، سپس انواع پلیمر­های استفاده ­شده در بحث ازدیاد ­برداشت نفت از جمله ­پلی ­آکریل­ آمید­ها­، پلیمر سطح­ فعال قلیایی، زانتان­ ها، پلی­ ساکاریدها و ­هیدروکسی اتیل سلولوز بررسی شده است. در ادامه، عوامل مخرب ساختار پلیمر، عوامل اثرگذار بر سیلاب­ زنی پلیمری، الگوهای مختلف تزریق، معیار­های غربالگری و به­ طور کلی پارامتر­های مؤثر بر انجام موفقیت ­آمیز عملیات و ابعاد کلی آن و نیز شبیه­ سازی موفق علمیات سیلاب­ زنی پلیمری در یکی از مخازن ایران بررسی شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study on the Efficiency of Different Polymers Used in Polymer Injection (Flooding) Operations in Enhanced Oil Recovery of Heavy Oil Reservoirs

نویسندگان [English]

  • yasin khalili 1
  • Abbas Hashemizadeh 2
  • sara yasemi 3
1 Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran
2 Petroleum Engineering Department, Hakim Sabzevari University
3 Hakim Sabzevari University
چکیده [English]

Only 10% of Iran's oil reservoirs have a sandy structure and the rest have a carbonate structure. Therefore, a relatively large part of the oil in these reservoirs is heavy and can not be extracted by conventional methods. For this reason, methods called enhanced recovery are used to increase the recovery factor of oil reservoirs. Enhanced recovery is performed by secondary and tertiary methods, which include thermal and chemical methods and gas injection are among the tertiary methods. One of the chemical methods is polymer flooding. For many years, polymers have been used to control the mobility of injected water and to enhanced recovery of oil reservoirs. By increasing the viscosity of polymers, they reduce the mobility of water, increase the stability of the kinematic profile, reduce the phenomenon of finger injection of the injected fluid, and finally increase the oil production from the reservoir. In this paper, first the application of polymers in oil reservoirs, then the types of polymers used in the discussion of enhanced oil recovery, including polyacrylamides, alkali-surfactant-polymer, xanthanes, polysaccharides, and hydroxyethyl cellulose have been investigated. In addition, destructive factors of polymer structure, factors affecting polymer flooding, different injection patterns, screening criteria, and in general parameters affecting the succesful operation and its general dimensions, as well as, simulation of polymer flooding in one of the Iranian oil fields are investigated.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • enhanced oil recovery
  • heavy oil reservoirs
  • polymer flooding
  • types of polymers
  • screening criteria

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