اثر نانوذرات بر خواص آکوستیکی اسفنج پلی‌یورتان

نوع مقاله : تالیفی

نویسندگان

1 هیئت علمی / پژوهشگاه پلیمر و پتروشیمی ایران

2 گروه رنگ و روکشهای سطح، پژوهشکده فرآیند، پژوهشگاه پلیمر و پتروشیمی ایران

چکیده

در عصر حاضر، با افزایش جمعیت و پیشرفت صنعت آلودگی صوتی که منبع بسیاری از ناهنجاری­های اجتماعی و شهری بوده، در حال افزایش است. افزون بر این، آلودگی صوتی باعث خستگی و کاهش بازده کارگران در محیط­ های کاری می­ شود. صوت، نوعی موج مکانیکی است که برای انتقال، نیاز به محیط دارد. پلیمرها به ­خاطر خواص گرانروکشسانی، به ­ویژه در نواحی گرانرو، انرژی موج را کاهش می­ دهند و از بین می­ برند. این کار از طریق اتلاف گرانرو انجام شده و صدا جذب می ­شود. مرور مقالات نشان می­ دهد، اضافه­ کردن نانوذرات باعث بهبود خواص اسفنج­ های پلی­ یورتان، به­ ویژه خواص آکوستیکی آن­ها می­ شود. این نانوذرات با افزایش مسیرهای عبور صوت از نمونه پلیمری، احتمال میرایی موج صوتی را از طریق اتلاف گرانرو افزایش می ­دهند. با توجه به نسبت ابعادی، نانوذرات به انواع مختلفی شامل نانوذرات صفحه ­ای مثل گرافن و گرافن اکسید، نانوذرات لوله ­ای شامل نانولوله ­های کربنی و نانوذرات ذره­ ای شامل اکسیدهای فلزی مانند روی اکسید و نانورس ­ها تقسیم می ­شوند. پژوهشگران بسیاری اثر هر یک از این نانوذرات را بر جذب صوت در نمونه اسفنج پلی­ یورتان بررسی کرده ­اند. در این مقاله، ابتدا صوت و ویژگی ­های آن بیان شده و سپس به پلی­ یورتان به­ عنوان یکی از مهم­ترین عضوهای خانواده پلیمرها پرداخته شده است. همچنین از میان شکل­ های مختلف پلی­ یورتان، اسفنج ­های پلی یورتان بررسی شده­ اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Nanoparticles on Acoustics Properties of Polyurethane Foam

نویسنده [English]

  • Mohammad Amin Abbaszadeh 2
1
2 Color and Surface coatings,, Polymer Processing Department, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute
چکیده [English]

Nowadays, with the increase of population growth and development of industry, noise pollution is increasing, which has been the source of many social and urban anomalies. In addition, noise pollution causes exhaustion and decreased efficiency of workers in the workplace. Sound is a mechanical wave that requires an environment to transmit. Polymers minimize and remove wave energy due to their viscoelastic properties, especially in viscous regions. This is done through the viscous loss and the sound is absorbed. The literature review shows that the addition of nanoparticles improves the properties of polyurethane foams, especially their acoustic properties. These nanoparticles increase the sound propagation paths through the polymer sample and increase the probability of sound wave attenuation through viscous loss. Depending on the aspect ratio, nanoparticles are divided into various forms including plate-like nanoparticles such as graphene and graphene oxide, nanotubes containing carbon nanotubes and particulate nanoparticles containing metal oxides such as zinc oxide and nanoclays that examined by many researchers to study the effect of each of these nanoparticles on sound absorption in polyurethane foam samples. In this article, first the sound and its properties, then polyurethane as one of the most important members of the polymer family are discussed. Also, among the various forms of polyurethane, polyurethane foams is reviewed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • acoustics
  • polyurethane
  • foam
  • nanoparticle
  • nanocomposite
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