پلیمرهای هوشمند: 7- گرمارنگ‌ها و کاربرد آن‌ها

نوع مقاله : تالیفی

نویسندگان

1 پژوهشگاه پلیمر و پتروشیمی ایران

2 دانشجوی دکترا، پژوهشگاه پلیمر و پتروشیمی ایران

3 پژوهشگاه پلیمر و پتروشیمی ایران، تهران، ایران

4 عضو هیات علمی پژوهشگاه پلیمر و پتروشیمی ایران

چکیده

مواد پاسخگو به محرک برپایه ترکیبات گرمارنگ دسته جدیدی از مواد هوشمند هستند که در دهه اخیر بسیار مورد توجه قرار گرفته‌اند. پلیمرهای هوشمند یا پلیمرهای حساس به محرک از ویژگی‌هایی مانند چقرمگی،‌ فرایندپذیری آسان، انعطاف‌پذیری، کشسانی و زیست‌سازگاری برخوردارند. بدین سبب و همچنین به‌دلیل داشتن تغییرات شیمیایی و فیزیکی برگشت‌پذیر در پاسخ به شرایط متغیر محیط، اهمیت این مواد روزبه‌روز در حال افزایش است. اصلی‌ترین ویژگی پلیمرهای هوشند، قابلیت آن‌ها در پاسخ‌های میکروسکوپی به تغییرات کوچک محیطی است که پس از اینکه اثر محرک محیطی از بین رفت، به حالت اولیه خود بازمی‌گردند. این پلیمرها به محرک‌های محیطی متعددی مانند نور، دما، عوامل مکانیکی، میدان الکتریکی و مغناطیسی، قطبش، آنزیم‌ها و زیست‌مولکول‌ها پاسخ می‌دهند. به‌تازگی توسعه سریع مواد هوشمند با خواص گرمارنگی موجب رونق زیاد آن‌ها شده است. ماده‌های گرمارنگ می‌توانند مونومرها یا پلیمرها، ترکیبات آلی یا معدنی و سامانه‌های تک یا چندجزئی باشند. ظاهر رنگی این ترکیبات می‌تواند به‌طور آنی یا مداوم با توجه به تغییر دما به‌طور برگشت‌پذیر تغییر کند که این پدیده همراه با تغییرات بازتاب، جذب یا پراکندگی نور نمایان می‌شود. این ترکیبات کاربردهای زیادی در زمینه‌های مختلف از جمله کاغذها، جوهرها، حسگرها و دماسنج‌های گرمارنگ دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Smart Polymers: VII-Thermochromics and Their Applications

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alireza Mouraki 1
  • Maryam Raeesi 2
  • Samira Sanjabi 3
  • Ali Reza Mahdavian 4
1 Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute
2 PhD student, IPPI
3 Iran polymer & petrochemical institute
4 IPPI, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Stimuli-responsive materials based on thermochromic are a new class of smart materials
that has received a great deal of attention in the recent decades. The importance of
smart polymers or stimuli-responsive polymers is growing due to having properties such
as toughness, simple processability, flexibility, elasticity, biocompatibility as well as being
capable of reversible chemical and physical changes in response to variable environmental
conditions relative to inorganic materials. The most important characteristics of these
polymers are their microscopic response to small environmental changes and they can
return to their initial state under further stimulus. These polymers may respond to several
triggers such as light, temperature, mechanical factors, electrical and magnetic fields,
polarity, enzyme, and biomolecules. Recently, the rapid advancements on smart materials
with thermochromic properties have become a promising field. A thermochromic material
can be in the form of monomer or polymer, organic or inorganic compound, and a single
or a multi-component system. The color of these compounds can change spontaneously or
continuously in response to changes in temperature in a reversible way which is as the result
of changes in light reflection, absorption or scattering properties. These materials could be
used in several fields such as thermochromic papers, inks, sensors and thermometers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • smart polymer
  • thermochromic
  • conjugated polymer
  • stimuli-responsive
  • thermochromic application
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