سامانه‌های دارورسانی مخاط‌چسب

نوع مقاله : تالیفی

نویسندگان

1 تربیت مدرس

2 گروه مهندسی زیست پزشکی، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

سامانه‌های دارورسانی مخاط‌چسب از جمله سامانه‌های نوین دارورسانی هستند که به‌علت قابلیت چسبندگی، باقی‌ماندن بر سطوح مخاطی و آزادسازی داروی موجود در آن‌ها، در سال‌های اخیر مورد توجه قرار گرفته‌اند. دارورسانی مخاطی، نه‌تنها برای افراد دارای مشکل بلع، بلکه برای جمعیت زیادی از بیماران، مسیر مناسبی است. همچنین مسیر یادشده مزیت‏های شاخصی در برابر مسیر خوراکی از جمله پشت سر گذاشتن تخریب اولیه کبد و جلوگیری از حذف دارو در دستگاه گوارش دارد. فرمول‌بندی‌های مخاط‌چسب را می‌توان در اشکال دارویی مختلف از جمله قرص، ژل، فیلم دهانی، افشانه، محلول گرانرو و میکرو یا نانوذرات تهیه و برای دارورسانی از مخاط دهان، روده، چشم، بینی، واژن و سایر مسیرهای مخاطی استفاده کرد. مهم‌ترین جزء این سامانه‌ها، پلیمر است. پلیمرهای مخاط‌چسب، افزون بر این که به‌عنوان بستر اصلی ساخت فرمول‌بندی‌های مزبور عمل می‌کنند، مقدار رهایش و نفوذ دارو را نیز کنترل و به مزایای درمانی این سامانه‌ها کمک می‌کنند. از این‌رو، ویژگی‌های مخاط‌چسبی تحت تأثیر  خواص پلیمر و شرایط محیطی قرار می‌گیرد که پلیمر در آن ساکن است. در این مقاله، سامانه‌ها و انواع مختلف فرمول‌بندی‌های مخاط‌چسب، سازوکار و نظریه‌های مخاط‌چسبی و عوامل موثر بر چسبندگی بررسی شده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Mucoadhesive Drug Delivery Systems

نویسنده [English]

  • fariba hashemi afzal 2
2 Biomedical Engineering Group, Chemical Engineering Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Mucoadhesive systems are new drug delivery mechanisms that are considered highly
favorable in recent years due to the ability to stick and stay on the mucus and
release their drug content in a sustained manner. Drug delivery through the mucosa is a
good route for a large population of patients especially for those with swallowing problems.
This route has important advantages over the oral route, including bypassing hepatic
first pass metabolism and avoiding the drug degradation within the gastrointestinal tract.
Mucoadhesive dosage forms can be prepared in various forms, such as tablet, gel, oral film,
spray, viscous solution and micro/nanoparticle, and can be used in drug delivery through
the oral, intestine, ocular, nasal, vaginal, and other mucosal routes. The most important
component of these systems is the polymer. Mucoadhesive polymers, in addition to acting
as the mainstay of these formulations, also control the release and penetration of the drug,
thereby contributing to the therapeutic benefits of these systems. Hence, mucoadhesive
characteristics include factors related to bioadhesive polymers and the medium in which
the polymers reside. In this article, the mucoadhesive systems; various types of dosage
forms; mechanism and theories of mucoadhesion and factors affecting mucoadhesion are
discussed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • drug delivery systems
  • mucoadhesive
  • mucosal pathway
  • mechanism of mocuadhesion
  • release property
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