مروری بر انواع نانوکامپوزیت‌های برپایه پلیمرهای کوئوردینانسی نانومتخلخل

نوع مقاله : تالیفی

نویسندگان

گروه شیمی، دانشگاه الزهرا، ونک، تهران، ایران

چکیده

طراحی موادی با ساختار غیراکسیدی و تخلخل ریز در حد نانومتر، از این جهت جالب توجه هستند که به‌طور کلی به شبکه‌های فضایی چهاروجهی زئولیت‌ها محدود نمی‌شوند. فضای داخلی این دسته از جامدات نانومتخلخل می‌تواند قطبیت، موقعیت فضایی، عملکرد و واکنش‌پذیری متفاوتی نسبت به زئولیت‌های آلومینیم سیلیکات داشته باشد. پلیمرهای کوئوردینانسی نانومتخلخل یا همان چارچوب‌های فلزی-آلی (MOFs)، از جدیدترین خانواده‌های مواد نانومتخلخل بلوری هستند که امروزه، توجه بسیاری را به خود جلب کرده‌اند. چارچوب این مواد شامل یون‌های فلزی و اتصال‌دهنده‌های آلی دو، سه یا چنددندانه هستند. MOFها دارای ویژگی‌های منحصر به‌فردی از قبیل چگالی کم، مساحت سطح ویژه زیاد و تنظیم‌‌پذیر، تخلخل و حجم حفره زیاد، پایداری گرمایی مناسب و سنتز آسان هستند که به کاربرد گسترده آن‌ها در ذخیره‌سازی و جداسازی گازها، به‌عنوان حامل‌های انتقال دارو، حسگرها و غیره منجر شده است. هر کامپوزیت مبتنی بر MOF ماده جدیدی است که خواص عملکردی ویژه‌ای را نشان می‌دهد. ویژگی‌های جدید درخور توجه و ماهیت چندمنظوره کامپوزیت‌های در حال ظهور MOF، ضرورت کاربردهای نوآورانه صنعتی را در محدوده گسترده‌ای از زمینه‌های مهم فناوری برمی‌انگیزد. در سال‌های اخیر، پژوهش و استفاده از انواع نانوکامپوزیت‌های بر پایه ترکیبات MOF به‌دلیل کاربردهای فراوان این دسته از مواد در ذخیره‌سازی و جداسازی گازها، به‌عنوان کاتالیزگرهای ناهمگن، غشا، حسگر و بسیاری از کاربردهای دیگر توسعه یافته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Different Types of Nanocomposites Based on Nanoporous Coordination Polymers: A Review

نویسندگان [English]

  • shokoofeh Geranmayeh
  • Shaghayegh Mastali
Department of Chemistry, Alzahra University, Vanak, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Designing materials with a non-oxide structure with a fine porosity and nanoscale porosity are attractive because they are not generally limited to four-dimensional spatial networks of zeolites. The internal space of these types of nanoporous solids can be completely different in polarity, spatial position, performance, and reactivity, quite different from that of conventional aluminum silicate zeolites. Nanoporous coordination polymer or metal-organic framework (MOFs), are among the newest range of crystalline nanoporous materials, which have attracted wide attention to these days. The framework of these materials usually consists of metal ions and polydentate organic connectors. MOFs have unique properties such as low density, extremely high and tunable surface area, high porosity, high cavity volume, good thermal stability and easy synthesis, resulting in their widespread use in storage and separation of gases, as the drug delivery carrier, sensors, GC columns adsorbent, and etc. Each MOF-based composite shows a new material with particular functional properties. The remarkable new feature and the multi-purpose nature of the emerging MOF composites stimulate the emergence of innovative industrial applications in a wide range of important technological fields. In recent years, the research and use of a variety of nanocomposites based on MOF compounds have been improved for many uses of this material, for example in the storage and separation of gases, as heterogeneous catalysts, as membranes and sensors, and many other applications.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • coordination polymer
  • metal-organic framework (MOF)
  • Nanocomposite
  • nanoporous material
  • nanoparticle

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