در دهههای اخیر مواد نانوساختار، بهویژه نانوذرات کربن، بهدلیل قابلیت استفاده گسترده در زمینههای مختلف، بسیار مورد توجه قرار گرفتهاند. ساختار کروی و سطح فعال شیمیایی به همراه خواص مکانیکی درخور توجه، نانوالماس را بهعنوان گزینه مناسبی برای تقویت خواص پلیمرها مطرح کرده است. از مشکلات اصلی در دستیابی به خواص بهبودیافته در نانوکامپوزیتها، پراکنش نامطلوب نانوذرات و تشکیل کلوخههاست. بهمنظور رفع این مشکل، روشهای متعددی برای اصلاح سطحی نانوالماس بهکار رفته که در اکثر موارد از روشهای شیمیایی تر استفاده شده است. نانوذرات الماس بهدلیل ویژگیهای منحصر به فرد در بسیاری از نانوکامپوزیتهای پلیمری با ماتریس گرمانرم و گرماسخت بهکار میروند. استفاده از این نانوذرات موجب بهبود خواص نانوکامپوزیتها مانند خواص مکانیکی و سایشی شده است. استفاده از نانوذرات الماس بهشکل اولیه و اصلاح شده در ماتریسهای گرمانرم گزارش شده که در هر دو حالت سبب تقویت خواص مکانیکی شده است. برای ماتریسهای گرماسخت بیشتر پژوهشها روی اپوکسی متمرکز بوده است. محدوده درصدهای وزنی زیاد (35%) تا درصدهای وزنی کمتر از 1% نانوذرات الماس بررسی شده که نشان از بهبود خواص مکانیکی و تریبولوژیکی داشته است.
Polymer Nanocomposites Based on Nanodiamond Particles
نویسندگان [English]
Pooria Karami1؛ Akbar Shojaei2
چکیده [English]
In the last decades, nanostructured materials, especially carbon nanoparticles, have attracted much attention because of their widespread applications in different areas. Spherical shape, chemically active surface as well as remarkable mechanical properties make nanodiamond an ideal candidate for improving polymers properties. Poor dispersion and agglomeration are major problems in achieving improved properties in polymer nanocomposites. To deal with this problem, various methods are considered for surface modification of nanodiamond and wet chemical method is used in most cases. Nanodiamond, due to its remarkable properties, is incorporated in many polymer nanocomposites with thermoplastic and thermoset matrix. Using nanodiamond has improved nanocomposites properties such as mechanical and wear properties. Using as-received nanodiamond and surface modified nanodiamond in thermoplastic matrix are reported and the mechanical properties are improved in both cases. Most of the works on thermoset matrices are focused on epoxy. Incorporation of high weight fractions (35 wt%) and low weight fractions (below the 1 wt%) of nanodiamond are investigated, showing improvements in mechanical and tribological properties.
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