مروری کوتاه بر کیتوسان و میکروذرات آن به عنوان حامل در سامانه ‏های دارورسانی

نوع مقاله : تالیفی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 استادیار دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، گروه زیست پزشکی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

3 استادیار گروه سامانه های نوین دارورسانی، پژوهشگاه پلیمر و پتروشیمی ایران

چکیده

تهیه، تولید و توسعه هر مولکول دارویی بسیار پرهزینه و زمان‌بر است. ازاین‌رو، تلاش‌هایی به‌منظور افزایش ایمنی و اثربخشی داروهای رایج، با روش‌هایی مانند دارودرمانی شخص‌محور، تعیین غلظت و ردیابی داروها افزایش یافته است. از روش‌های بسیار کارآمد در این زمینه، انتقال هدفمند و کنترل سرعت رهایش داروهاست. علم دارورسانی به‌دنبال افزایش زیست‌ دسترس‌پذیری، کاهش عوارض جانبی، انتقال هدفمند داروها به محل‌های مدنظر و نیز گذر از سدِ برخی موانع، مانند موانع خونی-مغزی، است. در تهیه هر سامانه دارورسانی، انتخاب پلیمر از بخش‌های بسیار مهم و حیاتی به‌شمار می‌رود. طی سه دهه اخیر کاربردهای زیست‌پزشکی گسترده برای ترکیب کیتوسان از خانواده کیتین، گزارش شده است. در این مقاله، ویژگی‌های طبیعی‌بودن این پلیمر، به‌عنوان عامل اصلی کاربرد گسترده آن در زمینه‌های مختلف زیست‌پزشکی و روش‌های تهیه میکروذرات کیتوسان، بر پایه کاربردهای آن در دارورسانی نوین، بررسی می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Chitosan and Its Microparticles as Carriers in Drug Delivery Systems: An Overview

نویسنده [English]

  • Mohsen Sadeghi 1
1
2
3
چکیده [English]

The development of a new drug molecule is an expensive and time consuming effort. Improving the safety efficacy ratio of old drugs has been attempted by different methods focused on each individual drug therapy, dose specification and therapeutic drug monitoring. Controlled rate delivery, slow delivery and targeted delivery are other very promising methods which have been pursued intensively. Methods for increasing bioavailability, diminishing side-effects, promoting targeted delivery and treating conditions such as blood-brain barrier disorders, are the main topics in novel drug delivery explorations. Choosing a suitable polymer is one of the most important aspects in development of a drug delivery system. In the last three decades, avast number of biomedical applications have been reported for a chitin derivative, known as chitosan. In this overview the properties of this polymer, as a natural compound, which are the main criteria for its extensive application in different areas of biomedicine are described, specifically in relation to synthesis of chitosan microparticles applied in novel drug delivery.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • chitosan properties
  • chitosan microparticles
  • drug delivery
  • spray drying
  • ionic gelation
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