نوع مقاله : تالیفی
نویسنده
عضو هیئت علمی جهاددانشگاهی تهران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a water-soluble synthetic polymer with a semi-crystalline structure and a high density of hydroxyl groups, which, owing to its ability to form hydrogen bonds, high biocompatibility, and versatile structural modifiability, has secured a prominent position in scientific and industrial applications. With desirable mechanical properties, uniform film-forming capability, and high processability, PVA finds extensive use in areas such as tissue engineering, pharmaceuticals, biodegradable packaging, biosensors, and petrochemical industries. This article examines in detail the crystalline structure, degree of hydrolysis, and molecular weight of PVA, along with their influence on the polymer’s final performance. Various chemical modification pathways aimed at enhancing mechanical, thermal, and biological properties are also discussed. Furthermore, the development of PVA-based nanocomposites using different fillers and the role of these reinforcements in improving mechanical, thermal, and antibacterial characteristics are analyzed. Comparative evaluations with polymers such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polylactic acid (PLA), and polyethylene oxide (PEO) reveal that PVA offers a favorable balance between performance, cost, and environmental compatibility, providing a significant competitive advantage. Additionally, global market growth trends, end-user industry distribution, raw material supply challenges, and environmental regulations are reviewed as key factors shaping the development of this polymer. Emerging research opportunities in sustainable technologies and the circular economy are also highlighted, underscoring PVA’s strategic potential in advancing future high-performance materials.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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