مروری بر جرم‌گرفتگی واکنشگاه و عوامل اثرگذار بر آن در فرایند دوغابی پلی اتیلن

نوع مقاله : تالیفی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی پژوهشکده مهندسی پژوهشگاه پلیمر وپتروشیمی ایران

2 مهندسی پلیمریزاسیون /پژوهشگاه پلیمر و پتروشیمی

10.22063/basparesh.2025.3696.1708

چکیده

امروزه پلی­ اتیلن یکی از پرمصرف­ترین پلی‌اولفین­ ها در سطح جهان است که با توجه به خواص منحصربه‌فرد آن در صنایع مختلف مانند تولید قطعات، خودروسازی، مخازن ذخیره، لوازم خانگی کاربردهای فراوانی دارد. برای تولید پلی­ اتیلن، فرایندهای متفاوت از قبیل دوغابی، فاز گازی و فرایندهای حلالی استفاده می‌شوند. فرایند دوغابی در واکنشگاه‌های متوالی یا موازی به‌دلیل سهولت تولید محصول نسبت به سایر فرایندها، از متداول­ ترین فرایندهای تولید پلی­ اتیلن است. فرایند دوغابی شامل محیط پلیمرشدن، کاتالیزگر، کمک‌کاتالیزگر، مونومر اتیلن، کومونومر و عامل کنترل­ کننده جرم مولکولی (هیدروژن) است. از مشکلاتی که اغلب واحدهای دوغابی تولید پلی­ اتیلن با آن مواجه هستند، جرم‌گرفتگی سطح داخلی و تجهیزات داخلی واکنشگاه‌های پلیمرشدن است. جرم‌گرفتگی واکنشگاه پدیده­ ای است که با تشکیل لایه پلیمر بر سطح واکنشگاه و ‌تبادلگر­های گرمایی سبب کاهش میزان انتقال گرما از طریق آب­سرد­کننده به جداره واکنشگاه و ایجاد اختلال در عملکرد تبادلگر­های گرمایی و واکنشگاه می­ شود. جرم‌گرفتگی طی فرایند پلیمرشدن به‌دلایل مختلف نظیر عدم کنترل دقیق دمای واکنش، وجود مقادیری ناخالصی در خوراک ورودی، ریزساختار کاتالیزگر و شرایط پلیمرشدن بر سطح داخلی واکنشگاه تشکیل می­شود. در این مقاله، عوامل مؤثر بر تشکیل جرم‌گرفتگی در فرایند دوغابی مرور شده و راهکارهایی دربارة کاهش آن در فرایند دوغابی تولید پلی ­اتیلن مطرح می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

An Overview of Reactor Fouling and Factors Affecting it in the polyethylene slurry process

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hassan Arabi 1
  • zahra Zahra Issaabadi 2
1 Academic staff of engineering faculty of Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute
2 Department of Polymerization Engineering, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Today, polyethylene is one of the most widely used polyolefins in the world, which has many applications in various industries such as parts production, automotive manufacturing, storage tanks, and household appliances due to its unique properties. Different processes such as slurry, gas phase, and solvent processes are used to produce polyethylene. The slurry process in series or parallel reactors is one of the most common polyethylene production processes due to the ease of production compared to other processes. The slurry process includes a polymerization media, catalyst, cocatalyst, ethylene monomer, comonomer, and a molecular mass control agent (hydrogen). One of the problems that most slurry units for polyethylene production face is fouling of the internal surface of the polymerization reactors. Reactor fouling is a phenomenon that, by forming a polymer layer on the internal surface of the reactor and heat exchangers, reduces the rate of heat transfer through the cooling water to the reactor wall and disrupts the performance of the heat exchangers and the reactor. During the polymerization process, fouling is formed on the internal surface of the reactor for various reasons, such as lack of precise control of the reaction temperature, the presence of impurities in the input feed, the microstructure of the catalyst, and the polymerization conditions. In this article, the factors affecting the formation of fouling in the slurry process are reviewed and solutions for reducing it in the slurry process of polyethylene production are proposed.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • fouling
  • slurry process
  • polyethylene
  • Ziegler-Natta
  • catalyst

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