مروری بر انواع میکروسوزن‌های پلیمری و کاربرد آن‌ها در دارورسانی تراپوستی

نوع مقاله : تالیفی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی زیست پزشکی، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 تربیت مدرس

10.22063/basparesh.2025.35542.1713

چکیده

انتقال مؤثر دارو با حداقل تهاجم یکی از مزایای اصلی میکروسوزن‌هاست که امروزه به‌عنوان روش جدیدی برای دارورسانی از مسیر پوست محبوبیت زیادی پیدا کرده‌اند. انواع مختلف مواد معدنی (سیلیکون، سرامیک، فلز و غیره) و خانوادة بزرگی از مواد پلیمری برای ساخت میکروسوزن‌ها استفاده می‌شوند. میکروسوزن‌های پلیمری نسبت به انواع ساخته‌شده از مواد معدنی، دارای مزایای مختلف از جمله زیست‌سازگاری، زیست‌تخریب‌پذیری، سمیت کم و قیمت مناسب هستند. این میکروسوزن‌ها را می‌توان براساس نوع پلیمر به‌کاررفته در ساخت آن‌ها به دو دسته طبیعی یا سنتزی تقسیم کرد. همچنین میکروسوزن‌ها را نیز براساس نحوة طراحی، آماده‌سازی وعملکرد می‌توان به سه دسته میکروسوزن‌های یک‌پارچه، دوبخشی و هسته-پوسته دسته‌بندی کرد. هر یک از این طراحی‌ها دارای مزایا، معایب و کاربردهای مختلف در پزشکی هستند. میکروسوزن‌های پلیمری براساس خاصیت حل‌پذیری یا تخریب پلیمر پس از ورود به پوست و ‌برهم‌کنش با سیال میان‌بافتی بدن می‌توانند موجب رهایش انفجاری یا آهسته دارو در بدن شوند. در این مقاله، ضمن معرفی متداول‌ترین پلیمرهای طبیعی و سنتزی به‌کاررفته در ساخت میکروسوزن‌ها، انواع میکروسوزن‌های پلیمری ساخته‌شده در سال‌های اخیر و نتایج کاربردی حاصل از آن‌‌ها بررسی و مرور ‌می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Review on Polymeric Microneedles and their Applications in Transdermal Drug Delivery

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Babapour 1
  • Fariba Ganji 2
1 Biomedical Engineering Group, Chemical Engineering faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran Iran
2 Tarbiat Modares University
چکیده [English]

Effective drug delivery with minimal invasion is one of the main advantages of microneedles, which have become very popular approach for transdermal drug delivery. Various types of minerals (silicone, ceramic, metal, etc.) and a large family of polymer materials are used to make microneedles. Compared to microneedles made from inorganic materials, polymeric microneedles offer several advantages, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, low toxicity, and reasonable price.  These microneedles can be divided into two categories: natural or synthetic based on the type of polymer used in their manufacture. Furthermore, microneedles can be categorized by their design, preparation method, and functionality into three types: integrated, two-segements, and core-shell microneedles. Each of these designs has different advantages, disadvantages, and applications in the medical field. Polymer microneedles can cause explosive or slow drug release in the body based on the solubility or degradation of the polymer after penetrating the skin and interacting with the body's interstitial fluid. In this article, while introducing the most common natural and synthetic polymers used in the manufacture of microneedles, the types of polymer microneedles manufactured in recent years and their practical results are reviewed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • transdermal drug delivery
  • microneedle
  • polymer
  • classification
  • advantages and challenges

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