نقش پلیمرها در برجذب گاز کربن دی‌اکسید برای کاهش آثار گلخانه‌ای

نوع مقاله : تالیفی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه صنعتی سهند تبریز، تبریز، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی پلیمر، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

10.22063/basparesh.2025.35530.1683

چکیده

گازهای گلخانه ­ای به‌ویژه کربن دی ­اکسید، در اثر استفاده از سوخت­ های فسیلی افزایش یافته است. رویکردهایی برای کاهش تغییرات آب و هوایی جهانی وجود دارند که از جملة آن ­ها می ­توان به برجذب و ذخیرة کربن دی ­اکسید اشاره کرد. در میان انواع برجاذب­ های کربن دی ­اکسید، مواد پلیمری متخلخل به‌دلیل مساحت سطح زیاد و تنظیم‌پذیر، خواص گرمایی-مکانیکی مناسب، چگالی کم، پایداری فیزیکی‌شیمیایی زیاد، سینتیک سریع، استحکام و ظرفیت برجذب زیاد از گزینه ­های بسیار مناسب برای برجذب کربن دی ­اکسید هستند. پلیمرهای متخلخل مانند پلیمرهای ابرشبکه‌ای (HCP)، چارچوب­ های آلی کووالانسی (COFs)، پلیمرهای متخلخل آلی (POPs)، پلیمرهای ریزمتخلخل مزدوج (CMPs) و چارچوب‌های تری‌آزینی کووالانسی (CTFs) محدودة برجذب CO2 را در حدود mmol.g-1 3 تا mmol.g-1  6 در دمای K 273 و فشار bar 1 نشان می‌دهند. هر یک از  پلیمرها در فرایند برجذب CO2، خواص و چالش ­های منحصربه‌فردی دارند. برای مثال، HCPها و CMPها سطح ویژة بیشتری دارند، درحالی­ که زیست‌پلیمرها به‌دلیل انعطاف ­پذیری در زیست‌­تخریب‌پذیری و ارزانی، نسبت به سایر پلیمرها برتری دارند. CMPها به‌دلیل مواد اولیة کم‌وزن، بیشتر در زمینه­ های الکتریکی کاربرد دارند. درحالی­ که پژوهشگران به HCPها به‌خاطر طرز تهیة راحت و سریع نسبت به سایر POPها، بیشتر توجه کرده‌اند. هرچند افزایش ظرفیت برجذب این پلیمرها نیازمند تغییراتی در سطح آن‌هاست. نتایج این بررسی نشان می‌دهد، پلیمرها می‌توانند به‌عنوان ابزارهای کارآمد و پایدار برای برجذب کربن دی ­اکسید و کاهش آثار گلخانه‌ای استفاده شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Polymers in Carbon Dioxide Adsorption to Reduce Greenhouse Effects

نویسندگان [English]

  • Samaneh Ghanbarlou 1
  • Davood Kahforoushan 1
  • Hossein Abdollahi 2
1 Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
2 Department of Polymer Engineering, Technical and Engineering Faculty, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

Due to the use of fossil fuels, greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide, have increased.  There are approaches to reduce global climate change, including carbon dioxide absorption and storage. Among the various types of carbon dioxide adsorbents, porous polymeric materials are highly suitable for CO2 capture due to their large and tunable surface area, appropriate thermal/mechanical properties, low density, high physicochemical stability, rapid kinetics, strength, and high adsorption capacity. Porous polymers such as hypercrosslinked polymers (HCPs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), porous organic polymers (POPs), conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs), and triazine-based covalent frameworks (CTFs) exhibit a CO2 adsorption range of approximately 3 mmol/g to 6 mmol/g at a temperature of 273 K and a pressure of 1 bar. Each of the polymers has unique properties and challenges in the CO2 adsorption process. For example, HCPs and CMPs have higher specific surface areas, while biopolymers have advantages over other polymers due to their biodegradability and low cost. CMPs are more widely used in electrical fields due to their lightweight raw materials, while HCPs, because of their easy and quick preparation compared to other POPs, may attract more attention from researchers. However, they require modifications to their surface to increase their adsorption capacity. The results of this study show that polymers can be used as efficient and sustainable tools for carbon dioxide capture and reduce greenhouse effects.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • surface adsorption
  • polymeric adsorbent
  • porous material
  • carbon dioxide
  • greenhouse gases
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