مروری بر فرصت های پیشروی انواع زیست‌پلیمرها و زیست‌سطح‌فعال‌های زیست‌تخریب‌پذیر

نوع مقاله : گزارش

نویسندگان

1 گروه صنایع چوب و کاغذ - دانشگاه فنی و حرفه ای، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجو دکتری مهندسی شیمی دانشگاه تهران

10.22063/basparesh.2024.3643.1698

چکیده

این مقاله به بررسی خواص و کاربردهای مولکول‌های دومحیط‌دوست (سطح‌فعال‌ها) و زیست‌سطح‌فعال‌ها می‌پردازد و نقش آن‌ها را در بهبود فرایندهای پاک‌سازی ‌محیط زیست از آلاینده‌ها تحلیل می‌کند. سطح‌فعال‌ها به‌عنوان عوامل فعال سطحی با قابلیت کاهش کشش­ سطحی در محیط‌های آبی و مایع در صنایع مختلف از جمله شوینده‌ها و پاک‌کننده‌ها کاربرد دارند. بااین‌حال، تخلیة این مواد به محیط زیست عواقب زیانباری نظیر بیش‌پروردی و تخریب بوم‌سازگان را به همراه دارد. بدین‌دلیل، جایگزینی سطح‌فعال‌های شیمیایی با زیست‌سطح‌فعال‌ها و زیست‌پلیمرها مورد توجه قرار گرفته است، زیرا از منابع طبیعی استخراج می‌شوند و از نظر زیست‌محیطی ایمن‌ترند. در این مقاله، ترکیب زیست‌سطح‌فعال‌ها با زیست‌پلیمرهای طبیعی از قبیل کیتوسان، آلژینات و پروتئین‌ها بررسی و قابلیت بالقوة آن‌ها در حذف سطح‌فعال‌ها و سایر آلاینده‌ها از فاضلاب ارزیابی شده است. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهند، برخی از این زیست‌پلیمرها، به‌ویژه کیتوسان و تانین قابلیت جذب مقادیر زیادی سطح‌فعال‌ را دارند. افزون‌براین، زیست‌سطح‌فعال‌ها با خواص زیستی و ضدمیکروب، امکان بهینه‌سازی فرایندهای دارورسانی و درمانی را فراهم می‌آورند. به‌طورکلی در این مقاله، اهمیت زیست‌سطح‌فعال‌ها و زیست‌پلیمرها در توسعه روش‌های پایدار و دوستدار محیط ‌زیست در تصفیة فاضلاب و کاهش آثار مخرب آلاینده‌ها بر بوم‌سازگان آبی نشان داده شده و بر لزوم پژوهش‌های بیشتر در زمینه فناوری‌های نوآورانه برای افزایش بهره‌وری این سامانه‌ها برای دستیابی به بهینه‌سازی روش‌های پاک‌سازی و کمک به حفاظت از محیط‌زیست تأکید شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Opportunities for Advancement in Biodegradable Biopolymers and Biosurfactants: A Review

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amir Mohamadpour tesih 1
  • Maryam Seif 2
1 Department of wood and paper Technical and Vocational University (TVU), Tehran, Iran
2 Ph.D. Student, Chemical Engineering, Guilan University
چکیده [English]

This paper reviews the properties and applications of amphiphilic molecules (surfactants) and biosurfactants, analyzing their roles in improving the environmental pollutant removal processes. Surfactants as a surface-active agent with the ability to reduce surface tension in aqueous and liquid environments are used in various industries, including detergents and cleaners. However, the discharge of these substances into the environment has detrimental consequences such as eutrophication and ecosystem degradation. For this reason, the substitution of chemical surfactants with biosurfactants and biopolymers, which are derived from natural sources and are environmentally safer, has gained attention. In this paper, the combination of biosurfactants with natural biopolymers such as chitosan, alginate and proteins was investigated and their potential for removing surfactants and other pollutants from wastewater is evaluated. The findings indicate that some of these biopolymers, especially chitosan and tannin, are capable of adsorbing high amounts of surfactants. In addition, biosurfactants, with bioactivity and antimicrobial properties, facilitate the optimization of drug delivery and therapeutic processes. In general, this article highlights the importance of biosurfactants and biopolymers in developing sustainable and environmentally friendly methods for wastewater treatment and reducing the destructive effects of pollutants on aquatic ecosystems. and emphasizes the need for further research into innovative technologies to increase the efficiency of these systems in order to optimize cleaning methods and contribute to environmental protection.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biopolymer
  • Surfactant
  • Biosurfactant
  • Adsorption
  • Wastewater treatment

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