کاربرد فرایندهای پلیمرشدن امولسیونی و ادمیسلی در صنعت نساجی

نوع مقاله : تالیفی

نویسندگان

1 پژوهشگاه پلیمر و پتروشیمی ایران

2 پژوهشگاه پلیمر

چکیده

در حین فرایندهای ریسندگی الیاف، تولید نخ، بافندگی پارچه یا رنگرزی آن، عملیات تکمیلی مختلف انجام می‌گیرد تا ارزش افزوده محصول نهایی ارتقا پیدا یابد یا فرایندهای تولید آن با مشکلی مواجه نشود. انجام عملیات تکمیلی باعث می‌شود تا افزون بر ایجاد تغییرات در ساختار فیزیکی و شیمیایی نخ و پارچه، ویژگی­ های نوینی در آن­ها ایجاد شده و در نتیجه دامنه کاربرد این محصولات برای رفع نیاز مشتری گسترده‌تر شود. فرایند پلیمرشدن امولسیونی به­ دلیل مزیت‌هایی چون سادگی فرایند تولید، امکان تولید پلیمرهایی با وزن مولکولی زیاد و مصرف کم انرژی دارای کاربردهای فراوانی در حوزه‌های مختلف، به­ویژه صنایع نساجی است. فرایند پلیمرشدن ادمیسلی نیز ایجاد انواع پوشش‌های پلیمری با ضخامت اندک بر روی انواع سطوح را امکان­ پذیر می ­سازد. بنابراین، به ­دلیل آسانی انجام فرایند پوشش‌دهی، قابلیت زیادی در اصلاح خواص سطحی منسوجات دارد. از فرایندهای پلیمرشدن امولسیونی و ادمیسلی به­ طور گسترده در صنعت نساجی برای انجام عملیات تکمیلی الیاف، نخ و پارچه برای بهبود خواص منسوجات و ایجاد ویژگی ­های جدید در آن­ها استفاده می‌شود. در این مقاله، ابتدا فرایندهای پلیمرشدن امولسیونی و ادمیسلی معرفی می­ شوند. سپس، کاربرد آن­ها در صنعت نساجی شامل عملیات تکمیل منسوجات مانند دافع آب کردن، ضدآتش کردن، رسانای الکتریکی کردن، ضدمیکروب­ سازی، پرتوافکنی فرابنفش، معطرسازی و نیز تولید چسب­ های محلول در آب برای کاربرد در فرایندهای رنگرزی و چاپ پارچه مرور می ­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Application of Emulsion and Admicellar Polymerization Processes in Textile Industry

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Akbar Yousefi 1
  • Amirhosein Berendjchi 2
1
2 IPPI
چکیده [English]

During the fiber and/or yarn spinning processes, sizing, weaving or dyeing of the textiles, various finishing treatments are performed on the fibers, yarns or fabrics to increase the added value of the final product or to avoid the technical problems during the textile production. Finishing treatments in addition to making changes in the physical and chemical structure of the yarn and fabric, new characteristics are added to the textiles and as a result, their applications are expanded in order to meet the needs of the customers. Emulsion polymerization has many applications in various fields, especially textile industries, due to its advantages such as simplicity of the production process, possibility of synthesizing polymers with high molecular weight and low energy consumption. Admicellar polymerization also provides the possibility of applying very thin polymeric coatings on various substrates. Therefore, due to the ease of the coating process, it has a great ability to improve the surface properties of textiles. Emulsion and admicellar polymerization processes are widely used in the textile industry for finishing the fibers, yarns and fabrics to improve the properties of textiles. In this article, the emulsion and admicellar polymerization processes is introduced. Then, their applications in the textile industry finishing processes including water and fire repellent, electrical conductivity, antimicrobial, ultraviolet shedding, fragrance textiles as well as the production of water-soluble adhesives for use in fabrics dyeing and printing were reviewed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • textiles
  • finishing
  • polymerization
  • emulsion
  • admicelle

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