ارزیابی ویژگی‌ها و عملکرد انواع غشا‌های پلیمری اصلاح‌شده با گرافن اکسید

نوع مقاله : تالیفی

نویسندگان

1 گروه بیوتکنولوژی صنعتی، پژوهشکده توسعه صنایع شیمیایی ایران، کرج، ایران

2 گروه شیمی و فرآیند، پژوهشگاه نیرو، تهران، ایران

چکیده

امروزه با رشد جمعیت، تقاضا برای آب شیرین در بخش خانگی و صنعتی به­طور چشمگیری در حال افزایش است. از گزینه­های مطرح مقابله با کم­آبی، توسعه سامانه­های مبتنی بر غشا مانند اسمز معکوس، نانوفیلتر، فرافیلترکردن و میکروفیلتر برای نمک­زدایی آب­های شور، لب­شور و تصفیه پساب است. بهبود عملکرد، طول عمر و سایر مشخصه­های غشا برای کاهش هزینه و مصرف انرژی سامانه­های تصفیه همواره از موضوعات مهمی است که در توسعه این فناوری­ها به آن­ها پرداخته می­شود. در دهه اخیر، گرافن اکسید برای اصلاح غشاهای متداول تصفیه آب و ساخت غشاهای نانوکامپوزیتی جدید بسیار مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. ورقه­های گرافن اکسید ساختار و خواص منحصر به­فردی دارند و با صرف هزینه کم در مقیاس تجاری قابل تولید هستند. از آنجا که وجود گروه­های عاملی مانند اپوکسی، هیدروکسیل و کربوکسیل در سطح گرافن اکسید باعث برهم­کنش قوی آن­ها با شبکه پلیمری می­شود، استفاده از این نانوورقه­ها در سطح و شبکه پلیمری می­تواند به بهبود استحکام مکانیکی، آب­دوستی و خاصیت ضدرسوبی غشا منجر ­شود. در نتیجه، عملکرد غشا در حذف آلاینده­ها و نمک­زدایی در سامانه­های میکروفیلتر، فرافیلتر، نانوفیلتر و اسمز معکوس بهبود می­یابد. در این مقاله، به انواع روش­های ساخت و اصلاح غشاهای پلیمری با گرافن اکسید شامل اصلاح سطحی غشای پلیمری و ساخت غشای نانوکامپوزیتی پرداخته شده است. چگونگی تاثیر گرافن اکسید بر عملکرد غشا و مشخصه­های سطحی و ساختار متخلخل آن نیز بحث و بررسی شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Properties and Performance of Polymeric Membrane Modified with Graphene Oxide

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyedeh Masumeh Ghaseminezhad 1
  • Afsanehsadat Larimi 2
1 Iranian Institute of Research & Development in Chemical Industries, Academic Center for Education, Culture & Research (ACECR),
2 Chemical and Process Engineering Department, Niroo Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

N owadays, with population growth, the demand for fresh water is rising rapidly.
Development of membrane based systems such as reverse osmosis, nanofilteration,
ultrafilteration, and microfilteration is important strategy to reduce water scarcity.
Improving performance, life time and other properties of membranes are always important
issues to reduce cost and energy consumption of membrane based-water treatment system
and should be considered to develop membrane technologies. Recently, graphene oxide
has attracted great attention to modify relevant membranes and manufacture novel
nanocomposite membranes. Graphene oxide has unique structure and properties and can be
produce at commercial scale with low cost. Functional groups of graphene oxide including
hydroxyl, epoxy and carboxyl lead to strong interaction with polymeric matrix. Using
graphene oxide in surface and matrix of polymer can improve mechanical strength, thermal
stability, hydrophilicity and antifouling of polymeric membrane and subsequently improve
membrane flux and performance in desalination process. In this review, the processes for
modifying of membrane surface and synthesizing of nanocomposite membrane using
graphene oxide have been evaluated. The mechanism of graphene oxide influence on
membrane porosity, structure, characteristics and performance has been also discussed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • graphene oxide
  • polymeric membrane
  • Nanocomposite
  • surface modification
  • phase inversion
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