پارامترهای اثرگذار بر بهینه‌‌سازی تهیه لاتکس آکریلیک-استیرن

نوع مقاله : تالیفی

نویسندگان

1 مدیر واحد پلیمر، شرکت صنایع شیمیایی فارس، شیراز، ایران، صندوق پستی: 85895-73419

2 مشاور واحد تحقیق و توسعه، شرکت صنایع شیمیایی فارس، شیراز، ایران، صندوق پستی: 85895-73419

چکیده

لاتکس‌های آکریلیک-استیرن به‌دلیل داشتن خواص منحصر به‌فردی مانند دوام خوب، سازگاری با سایر مواد، چسبندگی و قابلیت تشکیل فیلم پیوسته، مقاومت عالی در برابر نور فرابنفش، اکسیژن، آب و حلال‌ها عمدتاً در صنایع مختلف مانند نساجی، لاستیک، پلاستیک، چسب و پوشش استفاده می‌شوند. در این مقاله، مهم‌ترین عوامل موثر بر بهینه‌سازی تهیه لاتکس آکریلیک-استیرن، شامل نوع و غلظت مونومر، آغازگر و امولسیون‌کننده و دمای واکنش پلیمرشدن، مطالعه شده است. دست‌یابی به لاتکس پایدار با کارایی مطلوب در شرایطی امکان‌پذیر است که عبارت‌اند از: استفاده از مونومر بوتیل آکریلات به‌عنوان مونومر بهینه آکریلاتی در نسبت استیرن به بوتیل آکریلات  در حدود 35/1-1، افزودن مونومرهای عامل‌دار مانند α-متاکریلیک و آکریلیک اسید در حدود wt %2 که با ایجاد پیوندهای عرضی با سایر مونومرها سبب بهبودی تشکیل فیلم می‌شوند، استفاده از امولسیون‌کننده آنیونی (مانند DSB و SDS) به‌تنهایی یا در ترکیب با امولسیون‌کننده‌های غیریونی (مانند OP-10 و TX100) در حدود wt %5/0 تا wt %3 بر حسب مونومر و استفاده از آغازگرهای رادیکالی مانند پرسولفات‌‌های پتاسیم و آمونیوم در حدود wt %5/0-25/0 نسبت به وزن کل مونومرها. محدوده دمایی بهینه واکنش در حدود C°80-75 تعیین شده است. افزایش پرکننده‌هایی مانند راتیانه و نانوذرات سیلیکا به سامانه آکریلیک- استیرن به مقدار به‌ترتیب 4 و %5 وزنی باعث بهبود خاصیت مقاومت در برابر آب فیلم آن‌ها می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effective Parameters on Optimization of Preparation of Acrylic-styrene Latex

نویسندگان [English]

  • Moslem Zhubin 1
  • Hamideh Hajiha 2
1 Manager of Polymer Department, Fars Chemical Industries Company (FCIC), Shiraz, Iran, P.O. Box: 73419-85895
2 Consultant of R&D Department, Fars Chemical Industries Company (FCIC), Shiraz, Iran, P.O. Box: 73419-85895
چکیده [English]

Acrylic-styrene latexes are being used in various industries such as textiles, rubber,
plastics, adhesives and coatings due to unique properties such as good durability,
compatibility with other materials, adhesion and ability to form continuous film, high
resistance to ultra violet, oxygen, water and solvents. In this paper, the most effective
factors on optimization of acrylic-styrene latexes' synthesis are studied namely: the type
and concentration of monomer, initiator and emulsifier, and temperature of polymerization
reaction. Optimized stable latex with the desirable performance may be achieved through
the following conditions: using butyl acrylate monomer as an optimum acrylate monomer
in combination with styrene hard monomer in the weight ratio 1-1.35, respectively; adding
functional monomers like α-methacrylic and acrylic acid of about 2 wt% relative to the
total weight of monomers, improving the film forming process via imparting cross-linking
cites into the acrylic chains; utilizing anionic emulsifier alone (like DSB and SDS) or in
combination with nonionic ones (like OP-10 and TX100) of about 0.5 wt% to 3 wt% of
the monomers; and using radical initiators like persulfates of potassium and ammonium
of about 0.25-0.5 wt% relative to the total monomers' weights. The reaction optimum
temperature range is determined to be approximately 75-80 °C. Adding fillers such as
rosin and silica nanoparticles into the acrylic-styrene matrix as much as 4 and 5 wt%,
respectively, results in improved water resistance of their films.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • emulsion polymerization
  • latex
  • styrene
  • acrylic
  • emulsifier
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