A Comprehensive Review of the Performance and Properties of Conductive Polymers with a Focus on Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Polystyrene Sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)

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10.22063/basparesh.2025.35691.1737

Abstract

Conducting polymers, as the fourth generation of polymeric materials with outstanding electrical properties and charge transport capabilities, have found a unique place in scientific research and industrial applications. These polymers generally have lower conductivity than metals, however the doping process significantly increases their conductive performance. Their electrical conductivity stems primarily from conjugated π-bonding systems within polymer backbones, facilitating efficient charge carrier mobility. Among the various types of conducting polymers, poly(4,3-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) offers excellent mechanical strength, superior performance, and remarkable environmental stability due to its aqueous dispersibility and the formation of stable and uniform films. These properties make PEDOT:PSS an optimal choice for applications requiring long-term electrical stability and mechanical flexibility. In this paper, the charge transport mechanisms, synthesis methods, and the effect of doping on improving the properties of PEDOT:PSS are reviewed. Data analysis of the presented results evidences superior conductivity of PEDOT:PSS even at ultrathin film thicknesses and its ability to maintain electrical stability under diverse environmental stressors. The synergy of superior electrical properties, chemical stability, and high adaptability has made PEDOT:PS a leading conductive polymer and essential for advancing next-generation flexible electronics and electronic materials.

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