http://basparesh.ippi.ac.ir/ Basparesh en daily 1 Sat, 22 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0330 Sat, 22 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0330 http://basparesh.ippi.ac.ir/article_2170.html The use of recycled plastics in the construction industry has been considered as a sustainable solution to reduce environmental pollution and the consumption of natural raw materials and improve the technical properties of these materials. In this study, the use of recycled plastics in the production of concrete, asphalt, bricks, and other construction materials was investigated and their effect on the mechanical properties, durability, and structural performance of the materials was also evaluated. The results show that although replacing traditional materials with recycled plastics may sometimes reduce compressive and tensile strength, it significantly improves workability, moisture resistance, and the thermal and acoustic insulation of the materials, as well as extending their lifespan Also, the use of these materials helps to reduce plastic waste, costs, and the carbon footprint. This study shows that by optimizing the replacement ratio and surface modification of plastics, the performance of construction materials can be improved and an effective step can be taken towards the development of sustainable construction technologies and the circular economy. Despite these advantages, there are challenges such as production costs, long-term durability, and how to process different plastics for use in the production of construction materials that need to be considered. This paper provides a thorough overview of the types of plastics suitable for various materials, processing methods, and the environmental impact of this approach, offering valuable insights into how recycled plastics can reshape the future of the construction industry. http://basparesh.ippi.ac.ir/article_2171.html Soft robots and soft actuators have attracted much attention due to their flexibility, which befits them to interact with compliant parts in complex or biological environments. Nanocellulose as an abundant, renewable, biodegradable and biocompatible material with significant mechanical strength, is a great candidate to replace synthetic materials, reinforce materials or obtain anisotropic nanocomposites. Another noteworthy feature of nanocellulose is its high surface area and abundance of hydroxyl groups on its surface. Moreover, it is facile to alter its surface charge or surface chemical properties. Therefore, nanocellulose is a great choice for preparing humidity responsive actuators with high sensitivity and electroactive polymers. Non-uniform deformation of materials, as well as, the induced stress plays a crucial role on the performance of many soft actuators. This condition is achieved by applying non-uniformly an external stimulus, preparing heterogeneous structures including bilayers or multilayer structures, gradient materials or anisotropic nanocomposites, or using electroactive polymers. Nanocellulose is advantageous to prepare the proper structure for non-uniform deformation of material used to fabricate soft actuators. Therefore, the structure of nanocellulose is described and its application in soft robots and actuators is presented in this review. http://basparesh.ippi.ac.ir/article_2172.html The use of polyethylene pipes is increasingly favored due to their numerous advantages, including light weight, flexibility, high resistance to corrosion, and low production and maintenance costs. These pipes are manufactured in various types and through different methods for applications such as potable water distribution, agricultural irrigation, and industrial fluid transport. The superior properties of polyethylene pipes have played an important role in the rapid growth of their production and widespread use in various industries. However, during the production process, several factors can induce residual stresses in the pipe structure. These residual stresses, along with the stresses generated by internal pressure, create effective final stresses that affect pipe wear and, consequently, its lifespan. This study investigates the impact of residual stresses on the effective lifespan of polyethylene pipes. Initially, various types of residual stresses that may be generated during the production process are introduced, and then beneficial and detrimental residual stresses are identified and compared. Finally, the effect of these stresses on the lifespan of the pipes is assessed. The findings of this study show that low production quality and the presence of residual stress of approximately 1.1 MPa can significantly reduce pipe lifespan. Conversely, a proper design of manufacturing process that creates suitable compressive residual stresses can extend the lifespan of the pipe by up to 2.5 times. http://basparesh.ippi.ac.ir/article_2173.html Recycling of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as one of the most widely used polymers is of great importance, due to its environmental and economic benefits. This paper reviews mechanical and chemical recycling methods, innovative methods such as using supercritical fluids, microbial degradation, and industrial recycling techniques for PVC wastes and their challenges. Mechanical methods including separation, washing, shredding, and reprocessing of PVC, are widely used, due to their simplicity and low cost. On the other hand, chemical methods such as pyrolysis, gasification, and dehydrochlorination enable the recovery of high-quality raw materials, but they are less commonly used due to their complexity and higher costs. This paper also highlights the disadvantages of traditional waste management methods, such as incineration and landfilling of PVC. Incineration of PVC leads to the release of toxic gases like dioxins and HCl, which pose serious risks to human health and the environment. Meanwhile, landfilling of PVC causes soil and groundwater contamination, as well as the formation of micro and nano-plastics, due to its non-biodegradability and the leakage of various additives, resulting in long-term environmental issues. Therefore, focusing on innovative recycling methods and precise separation of PVC from impurities such as additives, not only enables the production of high-quality recyclates suitable for diverse applications, but also helps reduce waste volume, prevent the release of hazardous pollutants and preserves valuable resources. http://basparesh.ippi.ac.ir/article_2174.html Recent advances in the design synthesis of polymeric nanocomposites have dramatically expanded their application in oil and gas industry, especially in improving the performance of drilling fluids and wellbore plugging agents. This study is focused on polyacrylamide (PAM)-based nanocomposites, which by reinforcing with various nanoparticles such as nanosilica, copper oxide, nanoclay, exhibit significant improvements in viscosity, mechanical strength, thermal stability, and salt resistance. Adding nanoparticles not only reinforces the molecular network of the polymer but also enhances its performance in difficult conditions of oil wells, including pressure, temperature, and chemical conditions of the well. The utilization of double network hydrogel (DN hydrogel) structures as an innovative strategy for enhancing toughness, compressive resistance, and long-term durability under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions is suggested. The experimental results show that these nanocomposites can reduce filter cake thickness, minimize fluid loss, and offer more controlled rheological behavior, and final stability of polymer. These cases play an important role in maintaining wellbore stability, reducing drilling costs, and increasing the efficiency of repair and maintenance operations. In conclusion, the results of this study show that polyacryl nanocomposites can be used as very effective and durable alternatives of conventional polymers in complex and challenging environments of drilling and oil production.   http://basparesh.ippi.ac.ir/article_2175.html Digital polymers are a special class of copolymers with a narrow molecular weight distribution in which the monomer sequence along the polymer chain is precisely dictated using specific synthetic methods. Inspired by the nature that biological information is stored on biomolecules through specific molecular sequences, the idea has emerged that information can be encoded in binary form onto polymer chains by synthesizing copolymers with defined monomer sequences. Considering the various methods of information encoding on polymer chains such as topological encoding, sequence-controlled monomer encoding, and optical encoding, this article focuses on the investigation of sequence-controlled monomer encoding. Achieving such information-containing polymers requires first, the design of specific monomers, then the synthesis of polymers using fully controlled methods, and finally, accurate techniques for reading the stored information. Writing information into polymers is mainly carried out through iterative synthesis techniques such as solid-phase synthesis or click chemistry reactions, while reading the stored data is typically done using tandem mass spectrometry. The structural diversity of these information-containing polymers results in higher stability, increased storage density, and minimal spatial footprint. These advantages position digital polymers as a next-generation data storage technology, offering high-capacity storage in an extremely compact, molecular-scale format.