Preparation and Funtionalization of Carbon Nanotubes and Properties of Its Nanocomposite

The nanofiller reinforced polymer matrixes are a class of composites material, which have received significant attention both in academia and industry due to having higher mechanical, physical and thermal properties. The carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are the most important nanofillers which can be used as ideal reinforcing agents for high performance polymer matrixes because of their excellent mechanical, thermal and electrical properties and multi-functionality. CNTs are rolled-up graphene sheets which are made long coaxial cylinders. The properties of carbon nanotubes depend on atomic arrangement, the diameters and length of the tubes and morphology or nanostructure. Since CNTs usually agglomerate due to Van de Waals interactions, they are extremely difficult to disperse and align in a polymer matrix. The critical challenge is the development of methods to improve the dispersion of CNTs in the polymer matrix because their enhanced dispersion in polymer matrices greatly improves the mechanical, electrical and optical properties of composites. The functionalization of CNT is an effective way to prevent nanotube aggregation which can maximize interfacial adhesion between CNTs and the polymer matrix. CNTs can be prepared using various methods. In this review, the methods for the dispersion of nanotubes in the polymer matrix, funtionalization and effect of dispersion and funtionalization on properties of composites are described.