Iran Polymer and Petrochemical InstituteBasparesh2252-044914120240521A Brief Review of the Effect of Silica Nanoparticles on the Crystallinity of HDPE-Based NanocompositesA Brief Review of the Effect of Silica Nanoparticles on the Crystallinity of HDPE-Based Nanocomposites311196210.22063/basparesh.2023.3332.1652FASaeideh HojatzadehChemical Engineering Department,, Faculty of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Razi University,, KermanshahFarshad RahimpourChemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, RaziEsmail SharifzadehChemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah 67144-14971, Iran.Journal Article20230207Today, one of the most widely used thermoplastic polymers in the world is polyethylene, which is used in various industries. Polyethylene has found many applications due to its unique properties such as low cost of production and very good processability. However, the weak mechanical properties of this polymer compared to metals have led to the use of additives such as various nanoparticles to improve it in most cases. For this reason, in recent years the development of various nanocomposites based on polyethylene has become important. Silica is the common nanoparticles in the field of polymer nanocomposites, which the special features such as easy access, low toxicity, and high surface area, and molecular stability have made this nanoparticle a suitable option for improvement the physical and mechanical properties of polymers. Also, in some cases, in order to solve the problem of the improper dispersion and agglomeration of these nanoparticles, the surface modification of these mineral materials by different methods has been the focus of researchers. In the recent studies, the use of pure and surface-modified silica nanoparticles in thermoplastic matrix, including polyethylene has been reported to improvement the physical and mechanical properties of the polymer. In this paper, the effect of pure silica nanoparticle and its surface-modified types on the crystallinity of nanocomposite based on various types of polyethylene has been reviewed.Today, one of the most widely used thermoplastic polymers in the world is polyethylene, which is used in various industries. Polyethylene has found many applications due to its unique properties such as low cost of production and very good processability. However, the weak mechanical properties of this polymer compared to metals have led to the use of additives such as various nanoparticles to improve it in most cases. For this reason, in recent years the development of various nanocomposites based on polyethylene has become important. Silica is the common nanoparticles in the field of polymer nanocomposites, which the special features such as easy access, low toxicity, and high surface area, and molecular stability have made this nanoparticle a suitable option for improvement the physical and mechanical properties of polymers. Also, in some cases, in order to solve the problem of the improper dispersion and agglomeration of these nanoparticles, the surface modification of these mineral materials by different methods has been the focus of researchers. In the recent studies, the use of pure and surface-modified silica nanoparticles in thermoplastic matrix, including polyethylene has been reported to improvement the physical and mechanical properties of the polymer. In this paper, the effect of pure silica nanoparticle and its surface-modified types on the crystallinity of nanocomposite based on various types of polyethylene has been reviewed.http://basparesh.ippi.ac.ir/article_1962_23a7bbc62bbd6bd3c5a32bd1b94b437a.pdfIran Polymer and Petrochemical InstituteBasparesh2252-044914120240521A Review on 4D Printing Technology in Tissue EngineeringA Review on 4D Printing Technology in Tissue Engineering1220196410.22063/basparesh.2023.3365.1660FAShadi ZarshadDepartment of New Technologies/IUSTMohammad Aghajani HashjinDepartment of New Technologies/IUSTJournal Article202303073D-printing or additive manufacturing (AM) attempts to building objects by using computer-controlled layer-by-layer manner. 3D printing plays a essential role in the fabrication of systems utilized in the biomedical field, such as the creation of complex tissue structures and scaffolds, customized drug delivery systems (DDS), and soft robots. 4D-printing is an extended concept of 3D-printing by adding time as a fourth dimension. In other words, this technology makes it possible to change the shape and function of the printed object over time after triggered by stimuli such as temperature, moisture, electrical and magnetic fields, light and pH. 4D printing has shown interesting promise in biotechnology with a great shape control after printing by using stimuli-responsive materials. For example, in tissue engineering the repairing process of tissue was known as a dynamic process and 3D printed structures are ineffective in this dynamic environment, while 4D printing technology, due to its unique features, makes it possible to use scaffolds printed by this method for planting in the intended environment. In this study, the use of stimuli-responsive materials in 4D-printed structures and their attractive applications in tissue engineering have been reviewed.3D-printing or additive manufacturing (AM) attempts to building objects by using computer-controlled layer-by-layer manner. 3D printing plays a essential role in the fabrication of systems utilized in the biomedical field, such as the creation of complex tissue structures and scaffolds, customized drug delivery systems (DDS), and soft robots. 4D-printing is an extended concept of 3D-printing by adding time as a fourth dimension. In other words, this technology makes it possible to change the shape and function of the printed object over time after triggered by stimuli such as temperature, moisture, electrical and magnetic fields, light and pH. 4D printing has shown interesting promise in biotechnology with a great shape control after printing by using stimuli-responsive materials. For example, in tissue engineering the repairing process of tissue was known as a dynamic process and 3D printed structures are ineffective in this dynamic environment, while 4D printing technology, due to its unique features, makes it possible to use scaffolds printed by this method for planting in the intended environment. In this study, the use of stimuli-responsive materials in 4D-printed structures and their attractive applications in tissue engineering have been reviewed.http://basparesh.ippi.ac.ir/article_1964_502dfd3182d371d024fd95b040e5c473.pdfIran Polymer and Petrochemical InstituteBasparesh2252-044914120240521A Review on Covalent Organic Frameworks and their Application in Drug DeliveryA Review on Covalent Organic Frameworks and their Application in Drug Delivery2130197510.22063/basparesh.2023.3340.1655FASamin HosseinpourIran, Tehran, Iran University of Science and Technology, Department of new TechnologiesSeyyed Mortaza NaghibAssistant Professor of Nanobiomaterials Engineering, School of New Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, IranJournal Article20230212Today, cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) are new emerging 2 or 3D porous nanomaterials that have attracted tremendous attention. These materials are composed of light elements including carbon, boron, hydrogen, which are connected with strong covalent bonds. Due to their low density, high surface area, and intrinsic porosity, suitable crystallinity, and high thermal stability, these materials have become a suitable candidate for many applications such as sensors, drug delivery, separation, catalysts, and adsorption. Due to their porosity and high loading capacity, COFs has the ability to encapsulate various types of therapeutic agents. These materials can modify with different functional groups to achieve targeted drug delivery and increase biocompatibility. Also, their metal-free nature has caused COFs to have a good perspective in drug delivery applications and have shown low cytotoxicity in in-vitro studies. In this review, different types of COFs and a number of studies conducted on these nanomaterials for drug delivery applications have been reviewed. In the last part, the upcoming challenges in this area have been discussed.Today, cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) are new emerging 2 or 3D porous nanomaterials that have attracted tremendous attention. These materials are composed of light elements including carbon, boron, hydrogen, which are connected with strong covalent bonds. Due to their low density, high surface area, and intrinsic porosity, suitable crystallinity, and high thermal stability, these materials have become a suitable candidate for many applications such as sensors, drug delivery, separation, catalysts, and adsorption. Due to their porosity and high loading capacity, COFs has the ability to encapsulate various types of therapeutic agents. These materials can modify with different functional groups to achieve targeted drug delivery and increase biocompatibility. Also, their metal-free nature has caused COFs to have a good perspective in drug delivery applications and have shown low cytotoxicity in in-vitro studies. In this review, different types of COFs and a number of studies conducted on these nanomaterials for drug delivery applications have been reviewed. In the last part, the upcoming challenges in this area have been discussed.http://basparesh.ippi.ac.ir/article_1975_61d17176a8978c2887cd4f460587c92c.pdfIran Polymer and Petrochemical InstituteBasparesh2252-044914120240521Solid Dispersion Technique to Enhance the Solubility of Poorly Water-Soluble DrugsSolid Dispersion Technique to Enhance the Solubility of Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs3140197610.22063/basparesh.2023.3380.1663FAArezou Mashak-Hamid MobediIran polymer and petrochemical instituteJournal Article20230404The solubility and permeability of drugs are the most important biopharmaceutical properties that affect their bioavailability. In the biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS), there are a large number of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) with low solubility (BCS classes II and IV) that are rarely offered to the market. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a solution to increase thier solubility. There are many preparation methods to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of drugs and thereby absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Among them, the solid dispersion method is considered one of the most important methods. Since 1960s, the development of pharmaceutical formulations based on the solid dispersion method has undergone significant progress. Solvent-based and melting methods can be mentioned for the preparation of drug-containing systems. The use of different substrates from a single polymeric carrier to multiple carriers containing emulsifier in the design of solid dispersion formulations has led to the improvement of the stability and performance of these systems. In this article, the solid dispersion technique for the preparation of pharmaceutical formulations is introduced, and also a summary of the preparation methods and the recent advances in this field are briefly reviewed.<br /><strong> </strong>The solubility and permeability of drugs are the most important biopharmaceutical properties that affect their bioavailability. In the biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS), there are a large number of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) with low solubility (BCS classes II and IV) that are rarely offered to the market. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a solution to increase thier solubility. There are many preparation methods to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of drugs and thereby absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Among them, the solid dispersion method is considered one of the most important methods. Since 1960s, the development of pharmaceutical formulations based on the solid dispersion method has undergone significant progress. Solvent-based and melting methods can be mentioned for the preparation of drug-containing systems. The use of different substrates from a single polymeric carrier to multiple carriers containing emulsifier in the design of solid dispersion formulations has led to the improvement of the stability and performance of these systems. In this article, the solid dispersion technique for the preparation of pharmaceutical formulations is introduced, and also a summary of the preparation methods and the recent advances in this field are briefly reviewed.<br /><strong> </strong>http://basparesh.ippi.ac.ir/article_1976_24cb7d4f86f1b23643ba6208fb178ee4.pdfIran Polymer and Petrochemical InstituteBasparesh2252-044914120240521Application of Emulsion and Admicellar Polymerization Processes in Textile IndustryApplication of Emulsion and Admicellar Polymerization Processes in Textile Industry4154197710.22063/basparesh.2023.3348.1658FAAli Akbar Yousefi0000-0002-5118-5063Amirhosein BerendjchiIPPIJournal Article20230227During the fiber and/or yarn spinning processes, sizing, weaving or dyeing of the textiles, various finishing treatments are performed on the fibers, yarns or fabrics to increase the added value of the final product or to avoid the technical problems during the textile production. Finishing treatments in addition to making changes in the physical and chemical structure of the yarn and fabric, new characteristics are added to the textiles and as a result, their applications are expanded in order to meet the needs of the customers. Emulsion polymerization has many applications in various fields, especially textile industries, due to its advantages such as simplicity of the production process, possibility of synthesizing polymers with high molecular weight and low energy consumption. Admicellar polymerization also provides the possibility of applying very thin polymeric coatings on various substrates. Therefore, due to the ease of the coating process, it has a great ability to improve the surface properties of textiles. Emulsion and admicellar polymerization processes are widely used in the textile industry for finishing the fibers, yarns and fabrics to improve the properties of textiles. In this article, the emulsion and admicellar polymerization processes is introduced. Then, their applications in the textile industry finishing processes including water and fire repellent, electrical conductivity, antimicrobial, ultraviolet shedding, fragrance textiles as well as the production of water-soluble adhesives for use in fabrics dyeing and printing were reviewed.During the fiber and/or yarn spinning processes, sizing, weaving or dyeing of the textiles, various finishing treatments are performed on the fibers, yarns or fabrics to increase the added value of the final product or to avoid the technical problems during the textile production. Finishing treatments in addition to making changes in the physical and chemical structure of the yarn and fabric, new characteristics are added to the textiles and as a result, their applications are expanded in order to meet the needs of the customers. Emulsion polymerization has many applications in various fields, especially textile industries, due to its advantages such as simplicity of the production process, possibility of synthesizing polymers with high molecular weight and low energy consumption. Admicellar polymerization also provides the possibility of applying very thin polymeric coatings on various substrates. Therefore, due to the ease of the coating process, it has a great ability to improve the surface properties of textiles. Emulsion and admicellar polymerization processes are widely used in the textile industry for finishing the fibers, yarns and fabrics to improve the properties of textiles. In this article, the emulsion and admicellar polymerization processes is introduced. Then, their applications in the textile industry finishing processes including water and fire repellent, electrical conductivity, antimicrobial, ultraviolet shedding, fragrance textiles as well as the production of water-soluble adhesives for use in fabrics dyeing and printing were reviewed.http://basparesh.ippi.ac.ir/article_1977_46c95b4142e739fd6926bcb739d8641e.pdfIran Polymer and Petrochemical InstituteBasparesh2252-044914120240521Effect of Microstructure on Rheological Behavior of Linear- and Branched-PolyethyleneEffect of Microstructure on Rheological Behavior of Linear- and Branched-Polyethylene5569199510.22063/basparesh.2023.3419.1666FAMohammadreza JozaghkarIran polymer and petrochemical institute0000-0001-6366-710XHassan ArabiAcademic staff of engineering faculty of Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute0000-0001-5931-9946Fatemeh HeydariAmirkabir University of TechnologyMahnaz HasanpourInstitute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), P.O. Box 45137-66731, Zanjan, IranJournal Article20230612In recent decades, the microstructure of polymers and their molecular structure engineering are of great interest due to their tremendous effects on the final properties of polymers. With the increasing demand of polymers, introducing new types of them by changing the microstructure and as a result improving the properties has become particularly important. Polyethylene is a commercial and widely used resin in the industry, which has a diverse molecular structure and consequently, various viscoelastic, mechanical, thermal, and processing properties. Investigating the effect of microstructure on the viscoelastic response of polyethylenes can provide a very good prediction of the processing behavior and related issues; which makes it possible for engineers to achieve the desired goal by spending less time and energy. In general, the presence of long chain branches in the structure of polyethylene improves the melt strength and elasticity. So far, various methods have been presented to control the molecular architecture of different polyethylenes, the most important of which are polymerization and the use of specific catalysts, high-energy radiation, and reactive melt modification. In this article, the microstructure effect of linear- and branched-polyethylenes on the rheological properties and the research performed in this field are reviewed.In recent decades, the microstructure of polymers and their molecular structure engineering are of great interest due to their tremendous effects on the final properties of polymers. With the increasing demand of polymers, introducing new types of them by changing the microstructure and as a result improving the properties has become particularly important. Polyethylene is a commercial and widely used resin in the industry, which has a diverse molecular structure and consequently, various viscoelastic, mechanical, thermal, and processing properties. Investigating the effect of microstructure on the viscoelastic response of polyethylenes can provide a very good prediction of the processing behavior and related issues; which makes it possible for engineers to achieve the desired goal by spending less time and energy. In general, the presence of long chain branches in the structure of polyethylene improves the melt strength and elasticity. So far, various methods have been presented to control the molecular architecture of different polyethylenes, the most important of which are polymerization and the use of specific catalysts, high-energy radiation, and reactive melt modification. In this article, the microstructure effect of linear- and branched-polyethylenes on the rheological properties and the research performed in this field are reviewed.http://basparesh.ippi.ac.ir/article_1995_a56e3ebb4f0fa6dab6f4532d70b90e3e.pdfIran Polymer and Petrochemical InstituteBasparesh2252-044914120240521ReportsReports70752047FAEditor StaffsIPPIJournal Article20240715Introduction of polymeric companies, new published books and thesesIntroduction of polymeric companies, new published books and theseshttp://basparesh.ippi.ac.ir/article_2047_28961db06984d3d2848d128df9476282.pdf