Iran Polymer and Petrochemical InstituteBasparesh2252-04495420160220Review of the Nanofibrous Electrospun Substrate for Membrane ApplicationReview of the Nanofibrous Electrospun Substrate for Membrane Application415122710.22063/basparesh.2016.1227FAMojgan Zandia member of academic staff
Iran Polymer and Petrochemical InstituteMojgan ZandiJournal Article20150127Polymeric membranes are important separation techniques, these membranes are porous or dense and are categorized as symmetric or asymmetric membranes. These devices do separation base on size or structure of the substrates. Nowadayd, different methods are used to fabricate of nanofibrous membranes which attract the researchers’ attention. Nanofibers are prepared via various methods, such that electrospinnig is one of the appropriate, easy and economical methods to fabricate the nanofibers which have found many applications in different scientific fields, including fabrication of nanofibrous membrane for using in filtration process. The characteristics of these membranes are high porosity; of about 80%, highly interconnected pores and large ratio of surface area to volume. On the other hand, polyethersulfone is a polymer with special properties such as heat and chemical resistance as well as biocompatibility. In these membranes select of solvent, process and environmental conditions are many important that affected on nanifibrous substrate properties. Nanofibrous membranes could be improved whit the chemical and physical modification. In this paper, an overview of the process for electrospinning of polyethersulfone membrane has been investigated.Polymeric membranes are important separation techniques, these membranes are porous or dense and are categorized as symmetric or asymmetric membranes. These devices do separation base on size or structure of the substrates. Nowadayd, different methods are used to fabricate of nanofibrous membranes which attract the researchers’ attention. Nanofibers are prepared via various methods, such that electrospinnig is one of the appropriate, easy and economical methods to fabricate the nanofibers which have found many applications in different scientific fields, including fabrication of nanofibrous membrane for using in filtration process. The characteristics of these membranes are high porosity; of about 80%, highly interconnected pores and large ratio of surface area to volume. On the other hand, polyethersulfone is a polymer with special properties such as heat and chemical resistance as well as biocompatibility. In these membranes select of solvent, process and environmental conditions are many important that affected on nanifibrous substrate properties. Nanofibrous membranes could be improved whit the chemical and physical modification. In this paper, an overview of the process for electrospinning of polyethersulfone membrane has been investigated.http://basparesh.ippi.ac.ir/article_1227_84a8fef84004d4845ffe125197cbf57b.pdfIran Polymer and Petrochemical InstituteBasparesh2252-04495420160220Effect of aeration intensity, agitation speed, temperature and pH parameters on production of a microbial polysaccharideEffect of aeration intensity, agitation speed, temperature and pH parameters on production of a microbial polysaccharide2816121910.22063/basparesh.2016.1219FAMojtaba KhaniAsma ChegeniAli BahramiJournal Article20140412Biopolymers are biological macromolecules that large and small subunits that bind covalently to the same are connected by a long chain of cause and they are built. Because of the biopolymers are produced naturally of the living organisms such as plants, animals and microorganisms therefor are biodegradable, they are very good. Types of biopolymers, are including nucleic acids, proteins, polysaccharides, polyhydroxyalkanoate, polyphenols, and polysulfone. In order to use biopolymers in industry to commercialization the production process and optimize its production, According to studies on optimizing the production of biopolymers is specified In addition to the impact of important nutritional factors in the production process of biopolymers such as sources of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur and physical factors in the production process of biopolymers are highly effective. In this study, parameters such as intensity, aeration, agitation speed, temperature and pH for optimal production of biopolymers have been investigated. According to the results, most references are considered appropriate values for the aeration rate, agitation speed, temperature and pH, respectively 0.5-3 vvm, 200-800 rpm, 27-32°C, 8-5, that under this condition will produce the polysaccharide.Biopolymers are biological macromolecules that large and small subunits that bind covalently to the same are connected by a long chain of cause and they are built. Because of the biopolymers are produced naturally of the living organisms such as plants, animals and microorganisms therefor are biodegradable, they are very good. Types of biopolymers, are including nucleic acids, proteins, polysaccharides, polyhydroxyalkanoate, polyphenols, and polysulfone. In order to use biopolymers in industry to commercialization the production process and optimize its production, According to studies on optimizing the production of biopolymers is specified In addition to the impact of important nutritional factors in the production process of biopolymers such as sources of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur and physical factors in the production process of biopolymers are highly effective. In this study, parameters such as intensity, aeration, agitation speed, temperature and pH for optimal production of biopolymers have been investigated. According to the results, most references are considered appropriate values for the aeration rate, agitation speed, temperature and pH, respectively 0.5-3 vvm, 200-800 rpm, 27-32°C, 8-5, that under this condition will produce the polysaccharide.http://basparesh.ippi.ac.ir/article_1219_568bb5988de5737515ec65d489d891f0.pdfIran Polymer and Petrochemical InstituteBasparesh2252-04495420160220smart polymer 5- self healing ionomeric polymerssmart polymer 5- self healing ionomeric polymers2942123010.22063/basparesh.2016.1230FAZeinab Sadat SheikholeslamiStudent / Iran polymer and Petrochemical Institute0000-0001-6625-8854Alireza MahdavianProfessor / Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute0000-0002-9224-1324Journal Article20150316When the damage occurs in conventional materials, it requires to human intervention to identify, repair or replace parts of the system; while the automatic detection of damage and its improve is one of the unique properties of biological systems such as blood clots, heal a broken bone, and repair of a damaged tissue. In this regard and in imitation of the unique features of the nature and inspired by biological processes, researchers have attempted to develop self-healing smart materials. Smart materials are automatically able to diagnose and treat injury which has the potential to reduce costs in addition to reducing the amount of human interaction, damage minimizing and reducing the need for replacement of the parts in the system. Unlike the conventional self-healing materials that are contain microspheres or tubes containing a healing agent and heal the damage through the chemical means and would not be expected to heal following such a macroscopic and energetic damage event as ballistic puncture or fracture; self healing ionomers are able to heal the damage in a short period of time independently that cause minimum coast. In fact, the Ionomer self-healing ability is an inherent material response rather than by design, suggesting a very different healing mechanism. It occurs automatically and instantaneously without manual intervention—indeed it is an autonomic self-healing process. This paper provides a review of the work on self-healing ionomers, the mechanism behind this ability, and the methods used to uncover this unique response, including ballistic and other techniques.When the damage occurs in conventional materials, it requires to human intervention to identify, repair or replace parts of the system; while the automatic detection of damage and its improve is one of the unique properties of biological systems such as blood clots, heal a broken bone, and repair of a damaged tissue. In this regard and in imitation of the unique features of the nature and inspired by biological processes, researchers have attempted to develop self-healing smart materials. Smart materials are automatically able to diagnose and treat injury which has the potential to reduce costs in addition to reducing the amount of human interaction, damage minimizing and reducing the need for replacement of the parts in the system. Unlike the conventional self-healing materials that are contain microspheres or tubes containing a healing agent and heal the damage through the chemical means and would not be expected to heal following such a macroscopic and energetic damage event as ballistic puncture or fracture; self healing ionomers are able to heal the damage in a short period of time independently that cause minimum coast. In fact, the Ionomer self-healing ability is an inherent material response rather than by design, suggesting a very different healing mechanism. It occurs automatically and instantaneously without manual intervention—indeed it is an autonomic self-healing process. This paper provides a review of the work on self-healing ionomers, the mechanism behind this ability, and the methods used to uncover this unique response, including ballistic and other techniques.http://basparesh.ippi.ac.ir/article_1230_8bd8605ec2c2e7eb61c3f75e12be9839.pdfIran Polymer and Petrochemical InstituteBasparesh2252-04495420160220Improving Adhesives Characteristics With Nano-Reinforcements: A reviewImproving Adhesives Characteristics With Nano-Reinforcements: A review4353122110.22063/basparesh.2016.1221FAMohamadreza MoadeliGorgan Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcesMostafa SefidruhِJournal Article20141122Adhesives are one of materials which mankind have been used from many years ago. Adhesive used in many cases and different situations, one of these uses is joints. Joints play an important role in structural uses, so the adhesive which use in joints, must meet the requirement of a structural adhesive and can be use in different service conditions and environmental situation. These days with changes in industrial needs, appearing new technologies, increased commercial availability and reduce prices, reinforcement of adhesives with nano reinforcements widely researched and reported. Nanoreinforcements due to their high ratio aspect and specific area, can improve polymer properties when add to polymer matrix as a reinforcement. In this paper, adhesive and mechanisms of adhesion explained, nanoreinforcements as an appropriate alternative to other kind of fillers and reinforcements are introduced, also those kind of adhesive properties which addition of nanoreinforcements made changes on them are explained. Nano reinforcements in 3 categories (inorganic, Carbon Nanotube and carbon Nanofiber) are introduced and their effects on adhesive polymer are discussed.Adhesives are one of materials which mankind have been used from many years ago. Adhesive used in many cases and different situations, one of these uses is joints. Joints play an important role in structural uses, so the adhesive which use in joints, must meet the requirement of a structural adhesive and can be use in different service conditions and environmental situation. These days with changes in industrial needs, appearing new technologies, increased commercial availability and reduce prices, reinforcement of adhesives with nano reinforcements widely researched and reported. Nanoreinforcements due to their high ratio aspect and specific area, can improve polymer properties when add to polymer matrix as a reinforcement. In this paper, adhesive and mechanisms of adhesion explained, nanoreinforcements as an appropriate alternative to other kind of fillers and reinforcements are introduced, also those kind of adhesive properties which addition of nanoreinforcements made changes on them are explained. Nano reinforcements in 3 categories (inorganic, Carbon Nanotube and carbon Nanofiber) are introduced and their effects on adhesive polymer are discussed.http://basparesh.ippi.ac.ir/article_1221_fc669b35115c71f6a31faa1126f7b7b1.pdfIran Polymer and Petrochemical InstituteBasparesh2252-04495420160220A Review on Piezoelectricity, Polling and their Measuring Methods in Semi Crystalline PolymersA Review on Piezoelectricity, Polling and their Measuring Methods in Semi Crystalline Polymers5465122410.22063/basparesh.2016.1224FAKamran Foroutanisahand university of technology - department of polymer engineeringSeyyed Mostafa Hosseiniphd student/ Jahad Organization, Science and Technology Center, Tehran, Iran.Ali Akbar Yousefi0000-0002-5118-5063Journal Article20141210Piezoelectric materials have been used in manufacturing of piezoelectric sensors. Actually, sensors are the electromechanical converters which convert mechanical waves and forces into electrical signals and conversely. Piezoelectric property was firstly discovered in ceramics. However, because of the need to piezoelectric materials with large surfaces and high flexibility in many applications, and also because of the relatively low price and facile manufacturing technology of polymers in comparison with ceramics, polymers are the material of the choice that have been more studied. Piezoelectric polymeric sensors and actuators offer the advantage of processing flexibility because they are lightweight, tough, readily manufactured into large areas, and can be cut and formed into complex shapes. Accordingly, in this review article, at first piezoelectric property and characteristics requirements for piezoelectric polymers (the mechanism and key components required for developing piezoelectricity in semi crystalline polymers) are studied, and then various polling methods of piezoelectric polymers and different methods for measuring piezoelectric response are described.Piezoelectric materials have been used in manufacturing of piezoelectric sensors. Actually, sensors are the electromechanical converters which convert mechanical waves and forces into electrical signals and conversely. Piezoelectric property was firstly discovered in ceramics. However, because of the need to piezoelectric materials with large surfaces and high flexibility in many applications, and also because of the relatively low price and facile manufacturing technology of polymers in comparison with ceramics, polymers are the material of the choice that have been more studied. Piezoelectric polymeric sensors and actuators offer the advantage of processing flexibility because they are lightweight, tough, readily manufactured into large areas, and can be cut and formed into complex shapes. Accordingly, in this review article, at first piezoelectric property and characteristics requirements for piezoelectric polymers (the mechanism and key components required for developing piezoelectricity in semi crystalline polymers) are studied, and then various polling methods of piezoelectric polymers and different methods for measuring piezoelectric response are described.http://basparesh.ippi.ac.ir/article_1224_c64bc3731d341ab9fabf5169f3ca963d.pdfIran Polymer and Petrochemical InstituteBasparesh2252-04495420160220The Effect of Fiber Presence on the Curing Kinetics of Thermoset ResinsThe Effect of Fiber Presence on the Curing Kinetics of Thermoset Resins6675122610.22063/basparesh.2016.1226FAHamidreza KhalafiJournal Article20141117Thermoset resins are the most widely used resins in diverse industries including aerospace and automotive industries. To improve or add special properties such as mechanical properties, thermal or electrical, fiber thermoset resins are being used in the formulation. In this paper, we will discuss about investigating the effect of fiber on the curing kinetics of thermosetting resins with chemical and physical point of view. From the physical point, heat capacity and thermal conductivity of resin change by presence of fibers, and prevent the flow and dynamics of molecular functional groups by creating a physical barrier. And by investigating the effects of presence of fibers From the chemical point, we can see that the degree of starching fibers, use of the binding agent and also type and amount of binding agent changes in the kinetics of the curing of thermoset resins. The remarkable thing is that the presence of fluid coupling agents creates a bake velocity gradient from the surface of the fibers to the bulk resin. In conclusion we can say that in presence of fibers, the resin activation energy decreased, resin baking reaction in lower temperatures and times began and goes with the lower maximum speed.Thermoset resins are the most widely used resins in diverse industries including aerospace and automotive industries. To improve or add special properties such as mechanical properties, thermal or electrical, fiber thermoset resins are being used in the formulation. In this paper, we will discuss about investigating the effect of fiber on the curing kinetics of thermosetting resins with chemical and physical point of view. From the physical point, heat capacity and thermal conductivity of resin change by presence of fibers, and prevent the flow and dynamics of molecular functional groups by creating a physical barrier. And by investigating the effects of presence of fibers From the chemical point, we can see that the degree of starching fibers, use of the binding agent and also type and amount of binding agent changes in the kinetics of the curing of thermoset resins. The remarkable thing is that the presence of fluid coupling agents creates a bake velocity gradient from the surface of the fibers to the bulk resin. In conclusion we can say that in presence of fibers, the resin activation energy decreased, resin baking reaction in lower temperatures and times began and goes with the lower maximum speed.http://basparesh.ippi.ac.ir/article_1226_9be98a5acc0a90039fbf9d4361046e5a.pdfIran Polymer and Petrochemical InstituteBasparesh2252-04495420160220morphology and property of closed cell rubber foamsmorphology and property of closed cell rubber foams7683122310.22063/basparesh.2016.1223FAAli VahidifarBonab UniversityJournal Article20150203In this study, parameters related to closed cell rubber foam prepared from solid rubber have been studied. It is revealed that two kind of parameters including a)processing parameters such as pre-cure temperature and time, foaming temperature, pressure and time, b) formulation parameters such as rubber, curing agent, fillers, foaming agent type and their content control the properties of foam effecting morphology and microstructure of it. The hardness and modulus of the foam inversely depends on the expansion of foam cells. In the other words, decrease in cell size leads to increase in modulus, hardness, foam density and cellular thickness. The increase in pre-curing temperature, pre-curing time, foaming pressure, the content of filler and curing agent increase the foam density while they illustrate the inverse effect on cellular size. In addition, increase of foaming agent content and foaming temperature decrease the density of foam while increase the cell size. It is observed that increasing the cure rate of rubber foams significantly increases the modulus of the foams which is the direct result of increased density and decreased cell size.In this study, parameters related to closed cell rubber foam prepared from solid rubber have been studied. It is revealed that two kind of parameters including a)processing parameters such as pre-cure temperature and time, foaming temperature, pressure and time, b) formulation parameters such as rubber, curing agent, fillers, foaming agent type and their content control the properties of foam effecting morphology and microstructure of it. The hardness and modulus of the foam inversely depends on the expansion of foam cells. In the other words, decrease in cell size leads to increase in modulus, hardness, foam density and cellular thickness. The increase in pre-curing temperature, pre-curing time, foaming pressure, the content of filler and curing agent increase the foam density while they illustrate the inverse effect on cellular size. In addition, increase of foaming agent content and foaming temperature decrease the density of foam while increase the cell size. It is observed that increasing the cure rate of rubber foams significantly increases the modulus of the foams which is the direct result of increased density and decreased cell size.http://basparesh.ippi.ac.ir/article_1223_761b73029c2b8f32292ac3c7016085c1.pdfIran Polymer and Petrochemical InstituteBasparesh2252-04495420160220An overview on evolution of polyethylene pipes: production methods and standardsAn overview on evolution of polyethylene pipes: production methods and standards8491122510.22063/basparesh.2016.1225FAMahroo Khaleghi MoghadamMeisam ShabanianJournal Article20141231Abstract : polyolefins are The most important polymer in the production of pipe &fittings industry. Properties and specifications of plastics - particularly polyethylene - has increased trends of their usage in industry only in short time after their production. The use of polyethylene has been a growing in Piping systems for water supply, for drainage and … in recent years. Naturally, this growth will continue, if the new technologies in materials, processes, and methods are used in production and installation of this pipes and their fittings. Different grades of polyethylene materials are based on the type, Application Temperature and hydrostatic pressure tolerate comes from the changes in density of components blend or method of processecing for Resolving any problems of Previous types.<br />In this paper, introduced the Process of evolution, characteristics of this modified type,their advantage, methods of production and evaluation of the product of this material is based on existing standards.Abstract : polyolefins are The most important polymer in the production of pipe &fittings industry. Properties and specifications of plastics - particularly polyethylene - has increased trends of their usage in industry only in short time after their production. The use of polyethylene has been a growing in Piping systems for water supply, for drainage and … in recent years. Naturally, this growth will continue, if the new technologies in materials, processes, and methods are used in production and installation of this pipes and their fittings. Different grades of polyethylene materials are based on the type, Application Temperature and hydrostatic pressure tolerate comes from the changes in density of components blend or method of processecing for Resolving any problems of Previous types.<br />In this paper, introduced the Process of evolution, characteristics of this modified type,their advantage, methods of production and evaluation of the product of this material is based on existing standards.http://basparesh.ippi.ac.ir/article_1225_8c846104eba6ad728ccd30375b394b1b.pdfIran Polymer and Petrochemical InstituteBasparesh2252-04495420160220Productivity Measurment and Ranking of Research Units Using Data Envelopment AnalysisProductivity Measurment and Ranking of Research Units Using Data Envelopment Analysis9299122810.22063/basparesh.2016.1228FAJournal Article20150110Today it is necessary and important that productivity is increased and universities and research units have basically roll at development of countries productivity.TThe productivity measurement of research units, their performance analysis and comparison has an important rule in increasing efficiency level these units, as well as, it is a confidence for future programming of units. In this article, malmquist index, which is one of the productivity measurement index is introduced. At the rest, the procedure for determination of the index using DEA method is explained and finally with an experiment example, the malmquist productivity growth index is calculated for 14 research units of Iran polymer and petrochemical institute (IPPI) from 1389 to 1390. therefore costs and human resources as inputs and revenue and scientific achievements as outputs for research groups are compared.<br />finally, the units are ranked with CCR results and AP model, and progress or regressive research units and faculties is determined.Today it is necessary and important that productivity is increased and universities and research units have basically roll at development of countries productivity.TThe productivity measurement of research units, their performance analysis and comparison has an important rule in increasing efficiency level these units, as well as, it is a confidence for future programming of units. In this article, malmquist index, which is one of the productivity measurement index is introduced. At the rest, the procedure for determination of the index using DEA method is explained and finally with an experiment example, the malmquist productivity growth index is calculated for 14 research units of Iran polymer and petrochemical institute (IPPI) from 1389 to 1390. therefore costs and human resources as inputs and revenue and scientific achievements as outputs for research groups are compared.<br />finally, the units are ranked with CCR results and AP model, and progress or regressive research units and faculties is determined.http://basparesh.ippi.ac.ir/article_1228_93b605f5aa0a1c20e2710d3455775968.pdf